小麦农家种成株期条锈病抗性QTL定位及其育种效应解析OA北大核心CSTPCD
Mapping of QTL for adult plant stripe rust resistance genes in a Sichuan wheat landrace and the evaluation of their breeding effects
条锈病是世界范围内严重影响小麦产量的重要病害.遗传和育种利用效应不清,加之不良性状连锁累赘是限制绝大多数已发掘小麦条锈病抗性基因在育种及生产中难以广泛应用的关键.前期研究发现,小麦农家种红芒麦子对我国当前小麦生产上流行的主要条锈菌生理小种及致病类群具有稳定的成株期抗性.本研究通过构建Avocet S×红芒麦子F1 及F2 和F2:3 家系,利用分离群体分组分析法(bulked segregation analysis,BSA)并结合小麦 55K SNP芯片及外显子测序技术,在 7A和 7D染色体上鉴定到 2 个来自红芒麦子的成株期条锈病抗性主效 QTL(QYr.HM-7AL和QYr.HM-7DS),分别解释了 11.64%～15.25%和 24.33%～40.58%的表型变异.标记连锁分析、遗传和物理图谱综合分析发现,QYr.HM-7DS 与已知成株期条锈病抗性基因 Yr18 呈高度共线性,表明该位点抗性效应来源于 Yr18;而QYr.HM-7AL 是一个控制小麦成株期条锈病抗性潜在新位点,并进一步开发了可用于跟踪选择该位点的 KASP(kompetitive allele-specific PCR,竞争性等位基因特异性PCR)分子标记.利用绵麦 1618×红芒麦子BC1F2 遗传改良群体对来自红芒麦子成株期条锈病抗性主效QTL遗传效应及其与产量相关性状协同改良效应进行解析.结果发现,在绵麦 1618 遗传背景下,Yr18 和QYr.HM-7AL的转育或聚合可显著降低条锈病危害,且对小麦穗长和分蘖数呈正向效应.上述研究结果表明,在小麦产量育种中可利用农家种红芒麦子进行成株期条锈病遗传改良.
Stripe rust,caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici(Pst),is a worldwide wheat disease that causes large losses in production.The lack of in-depth understanding of genetic and breeding utilization effects,coupled with the linkage of undesirable traits,are the key factors that limit the wide application of most of the discovered wheat stripe rust resistance genes in breeding and production.Our previous studies have shown that the wheat landraces,Hongmangmaizi(HM),exhibited stable adult plant stripe rust resistance to prevalent physiological races and pathogenic groups of stripe rust in China.In order to reveal the genetic basis of HM adult plant resistance to stripe rust,F1,F2,and F2:3 segregating populations derived from the cross between Avocet S and HM were inoculated with mixed Pst and evaluated for stripe rust reaction at adult stage in the field.Through bulked segrega-tion analyses(BSA)using 55K single-nucleotide polymorphism array and exon sequencing technology,we identified two quanti-tative trait loci(QTL)on chromosomes 7AL and 7DS,designated as QYr.HM-7AL and QYr.HM-7DS,explaining 11.64%-15.25%and 24.33%-40.58%of the phenotypic variance,respectively.Through integrated linkage,genetic and physical map analyses indicated that the major QTL QYr.HM-7DS was corresponding to the Yr18 gene,whereas QYr.HM-7AL,which was the second most stable QTL,should be a potential novel QTL for adult-stage stripe rust resistance.Furthermore,the kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)markers,tightly linked with QYr.HM-7AL,were developed and validated.Based on construction of BC1F2 genetic improvement population derived from a cross between Mianmai 1618×HM,the main QTL genetic effect of stripe rust resistance and its synergistic effect on yield related traits were analyzed.The results showed that the two QTL(Yr18 and QYr.HM-7AL)could significantly reduce the damage of stripe rust and had a positive effect on spike length and tillering number under the genetic background of Mianmai 1618.The above results indicated that the QTLs of adult-stage stripe rust resistance from HM could be used in wheat yield breeding programs.
黄林玉;张潇月;李豪;邓梅;康厚扬;魏育明;王际睿;蒋云峰;陈国跃
四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川成都 611130||西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室,四川成都 611130四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川成都 611130
小麦农家种成株期条锈病抗性基因红芒麦子遗传效应育种效应
wheat landraceadult plant stripe rust resistance genesHongmangmaizigenetic effectbreeding effect
《作物学报》 2024 (009)
2167-2178 / 12
本研究由国家农业重大科技专项(NK20220607),国家自然科学基金项目(32272059),四川省重大科技专项(2022ZDZX0014)和四川省重点研发项目(2021YFYZ0002)资助.The study was supported by the Major Program of National Agricultural Science and Technology of China(NK20220607),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272059),the Major Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province(2022ZDZX0014),and the Key Research and Development Project of Sichuan Province(2021YFYZ0002).
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