作物学报2024，Vol.50Issue(9)：2383-2395,13.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.43001
叶面喷施硅制剂对滨海盐碱地夏玉米叶片光合性能及籽粒产量的影响
Effects of foliar silicon sprays on leaf photosynthetic performance and grain yield of summer maize in coastal saline-alkali soil
摘要
Abstract
Silicon is a beneficial element for crop growth and can effectively alleviate salt stress in crops.This study aims to ex-plore the alleviating effect of foliar spraying of silicon on salt stress in coastal saline-alkali summer maize in China,providing a theoretical basis for enhancing stress resistance and increasing yield in coastal saline-alkali summer maize.Denghai 605,planted in the field test,was selected as the test material.A silicon preparation(8 g L-1 SiO2)was sprayed at the V9,V12,and VT stages,while the control group was sprayed with the same amount of water.The effects of foliar spraying with silicon preparation at different stages on leaf photosynthetic performance and grain yield of summer maize in coastal saline-alkali soil were investigated.The results demonstrated that foliar spraying of silicon preparations at different stages significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and catalase(CAT)in saline-alkali summer maize leaves compared to the control group.It also reduced the content of malondialdehyde(MDA),alleviating the damage to photosynthetic organs and the degrada-tion of photosynthetic pigments.The leaf area index at the R6 stage increased by 6.28%,7.16%,and 6.66%in the V9,V12,and VT stages,respectively,while the chlorophyll content at the R3 stage increased by 6.62%,7.52%,and 7.47%in 2023.Silicon spraying increased the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs),and intercellular CO2 con-centration(Ci)of leaves.Foliar spraying of silicon preparation at the V9,V12,and VT stages increased the Pn of the R3 stage by 11.64%,11.73%,and 16.39%,respectively.The biomass at the R6 stage increased by 8.46%,8.88%,and 9.67%,respectively,and there was a significant increase in the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight.Ultimately,the grain yield increased by 7.24%,10.47%,12.94%,6.23%,7.99%,and 11.25%in 2022 and 2023,respectively.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,foliar spraying of silicon preparations at the VT stage had the most significant effect on increasing yield in summer maize production in coastal light to moderate saline-alkali soil.This effect was mainly attributed to the alleviation of oxidative stress,improvement of photosynthetic performance,and promotion of biomass accumulation and transportation.关键词
夏玉米/滨海盐碱地/硅/光合性能/产量Key words
summer maize/coastal saline-alkali soil/silicon/photosynthetic performance/yield引用本文复制引用
孙照华,刘鹏,任昊,王洪章,王子强,姚海燕,辛爱美,赵斌,张吉旺,任佰朝..叶面喷施硅制剂对滨海盐碱地夏玉米叶片光合性能及籽粒产量的影响[J].作物学报,2024,50(9):2383-2395,13.基金项目
本研究由山东省重点研发计划项目(LJNY202103),山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(SDAIT-02-08)和山东省重大科技创新工程计划项目(2021CXGC010804-05)资助.This study was supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province(LJNY202103),the Shandong Province Key Agricultural Project for Application Technology Innovation(SDAIT-02-08),and the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project in Shandong Province(2021CXGC010804-05). （LJNY202103）
