南方农业学报2024，Vol.55Issue(6)：1549-1560,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2024.06.001
基于环境DNA的夏季鸭绿江流域(丹东段)鱼类多样性分析
Fish diversity in Dandong section of Yalu River basin in summer based on environmental DNA
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze the fish diversity in the Dandong section of Yalu River basin in summer based on environmental DNA(eDNA),in order to verify the feasibility of eDNA technology for monitoring fish species diversity.This study could provide technical support for dynamic monitoring of fish communities,assessment of aquatic ecological health,and conservation of fish species diversity.Additionally,it also offered fundamental information for the conserva-tion of fish diversity in Dandong section of Yalu River basin.[Method]From May to August in 2022,five sampling sites were set up in the Dandong section of Yalu River basin to collect environmental samples for four times.After eDNA ex-traction,PCR amplification,high-throughput sequencing,and database comparison and annotation,the fish diversity in the Dandong section of Yalu River basin in summer was analyzed using R language(4.1.2),Tableau 2019.4,PRIMER 6.0.[Result]A total of 67 fish species belonging to 14 orders,30 families and 65 genera were detected at five sampling sites in the Dandong section of Yalu River basin in summer.Among them,Trachidermus fasciatus and Brachymystax le-nok were listed in the List of National Key Protected Aquatic Wildlife.Eleven species,including Cyprinus carpio,Caras-sius auratus,Aristichthys nobilis,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Ctenopharyngodon idella,Liza haematocheila,Mega-lobrama amblycephala,Pseudosciaena polyactis,Pelteobagrus nitidus,Collichthys lucidus and Ophiocephalus argus were listed in the List of National Key Protected Economic Aquatic Animals and Plants Resources.Plecoglossus altivelis and Lampetra morii were listed in the National Endangered Animals List and the List of Key Protected Wildlife in Liao-ning Province.Hucho ishikawai,Thymallus yaluensis and Salvelinus malma were listed in the Rare and Endangered Ani-mals in Northeast China.C.carpio,C auratus,H.molitrix,C.idellus,Abbottina liaoningensis,Opsariichthys bidens,Leuciscus waleckii,Misgurnus anguillicaudatus,Plecoglossus altivelis,Hypomesus olidus,Protosalanx hyalocranius and Cottus poecilopus had similar compositions across all sampling sites in the Dandong section of Yalu River basin,and they were dominant species with relatively high abundance,making them the dominant fish groups in the Dandong sec-tion of Yalu River basin in summer.Among the five sampling sites,Donggang site had the highest Chao1 index,Pielou in-dex,Shannon index and Simpson index,while Dandong site had the lowest Chao1 index,Shannon index and Simpson in-dex.[Conclusion]The feasibility and effectiveness of using eDNA technology to detect fish species composition and di-versity in the Dandong section of Yalu River basin in summer have been demonstrated.The ecological structure of fish in the Dandong section of Yalu River Basin in summer is complex and fluctuating,with the protection of wild and rare fish germplasm resources becoming an urgent issue.Immediate actions are required to restore the rare fish resources of Yalu River,including implementing fishing bans,focusing research on artificial propagation techniques for endangered en-demic fish species,and strengthening the monitoring of aquatic ecosystem health.关键词
环境DNA(eDNA)/鱼类/生物多样性/鸭绿江流域(丹东段)Key words
environmental DNA(eDNA)/fish/biodiversity/Dandong section ofYalu River basin分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王丹丹,李欣,宋洁,王旭..基于环境DNA的夏季鸭绿江流域(丹东段)鱼类多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2024,55(6):1549-1560,12.基金项目
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272757) （32272757）
Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(2022-NLTS-15-04) （2022-NLTS-15-04）
Liaoning Applied Basic Research Project(2023JH2/101700200) （2023JH2/101700200）
Open Project of Yalu River Basin Research Institute of Liaodong University(YLJ20220104) 国家自然科学基金项目(32272757) （YLJ20220104）
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2022-NLTS-15-04) （2022-NLTS-15-04）
辽宁省应用基础研究项目(2023 JH2/101700200) （2023 JH2/101700200）
辽东学院鸭绿江流域研究院开放基金项目(YLJ20220104) （YLJ20220104）
