地球与行星物理论评（中英文）2025，Vol.56Issue(1)：45-66,22.DOI:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2024-013
利用低轨道卫星地磁观测反演电离层电流概述
Overview of ionospheric currents inversion by using low Earth orbit satellite magnetic observations
摘要
Abstract
With the development of satellite technology,low-orbit satellites equipped with high-resolution magnetometers have become an important tool for measuring the Earth's magnetic field,which provides continu-ous observations around the world regardless of ground and low-altitude weather conditions.Currents in the space,particularly the ionospheric currents,are the main source to cause the magnetic field perturbations at ground and the low Earth orbit(LEO)satellite altitudes.In this paper,we briefly introduce the development history of LEO satel-lites for measuring the Earth's magnetic field,and the in-orbit calibration processes of magnetic data.In addition,the findings and generation mechanisms of ionospheric currents are reviewed,and the methods for reverting iono-spheric currents by using the satellite magnetic measurements are introduced in detail.Currents derived from ground-based and satellite magnetic measurements are not always consistent,and sometimes there are significant differences.Reasons to cause such differences may be related to different data sources(e.g.,ground-to-satellite,satellite-to-satellite)and the assumptions in inversion algorithms of currents.Based on limited observations,inver-sion is often based on assumptions about the geometry and location of the currents,that may not fully agree with the real current distributions.Therefore,combination of ground-based and satellite magnetic measurements,through cross-comparison and cross-verification,is an effective way to test and improve the rationality of the as-sumptions in the ionospheric current inversion algorithms.Establish the theory and method of space weather moni-toring based on the combined and fused magnetic field measurements,will greatly improve our understanding of the ionospheric electrodynamics,the state of the magnetosphere,as well as the coupling mechanisms between iono-sphere and magnetosphere.关键词
低轨道卫星/星载磁力计/电离层电流反演/太阳静日电流/赤道电集流/场向电流Key words
low Earth orbit satellite/spaceborne magnetometer/ionospheric currents inversion/solar quiet cur-rent/equatorial electrojet/field-aligned current分类
地球科学引用本文复制引用
熊超,王丰珏,黄宇阳,钱博浩,王思敏,让心怡,宋斯珊,周云良,尹凡..利用低轨道卫星地磁观测反演电离层电流概述[J].地球与行星物理论评（中英文）,2025,56(1):45-66,22.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(42174191,42174186) （42174191,42174186）
湖北珞珈实验室专项基金资助(220100011) （220100011）
熊超受中欧龙计划项目资助(59236)Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42174191,42174186),the Special Fund of the Hubei Luojia Laboratory(Grant No.220100011).Chao Xiong is supported by the Dragon-5 Cooperation 2020-2024(Project No.59236) （59236）
