地球与行星物理论评（中英文）2025，Vol.56Issue(1)：67-82,16.DOI:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2024-011
岁星四纪——回望木星大气探测50年
A look-back to the 50-year exploration of Jupiter's atmosphere
摘要
Abstract
Jupiter is the biggest and fastest-rotating planet in our solar system.As a gas giant without land-sea distribution or topography,Jupiter is an ideal natural laboratory for studying atmospheric dynamics.Jupiter's atmo-spheric composition,atmospheric circulation,and internal structure are all topics of scientific significance.On December 4,1973,Pioneer 10 achieved its closest approach to Jupiter,marking the first successful exploration mis-sion to the Jovian system.Since then,Jupiter exploration has gathered more than 50 years of experience with 10 missions,including 7 flyby missions,2 orbiting missions,Galileo and Juno,and the still en route mission Jupiter Icy moons Explorer(JUICE).This review takes a brief look-back to these 10 Jupiter missions and their science re-sults,especially the progress on Jupiter's atmospheric composition,waves and zonal jet streams,the Great Red Spot,and polar vortices,as well as the unsolved scientific problems.China plans to launch Tianwen-4 by 2030,tar-geting the Jovian system.To shed some light on the scientific payloads and target design of Tianwen-4,reviewing the past Jupiter missions has certain significance.关键词
木星探测/大气成分/大气动力/急流/大红斑/极地涡旋Key words
Jupiter exploration/atmospheric composition/atmospheric dynamics/zonal jet stream/the Great Red Spot/polar vortex分类
天文学引用本文复制引用
宋心仪,杨军,魏勇..岁星四纪——回望木星大气探测50年[J].地球与行星物理论评（中英文）,2025,56(1):67-82,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(42275134,42075046,42161144011)Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42275134,42075046,42161144011) （42275134,42075046,42161144011）
