一次性减氮施有机无机复混肥对夏玉米产量、氮利用、土壤养分的影响OA

The changes of corn grain yield,sustainability index,nitrogen efficiency and soil nutrient content were studied through long-term one-time nitrogen reduction application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer,which provided theoretical basis for corn yield and income increase and light and simplified cultivation technology in the tidal soil area of northwest Shandong Province.In October 2010,the field trial was started in the tidal soil area of northwest Shandong Province,and the yield data of six consecutive years from 2017 to 2022 were selected for analysis.A total of 3 treatments were set up,including no fertilizer(CK),conventional fertilizer(NPK),fertilizes,pig manure-organic and inorganic compound fertilizer(1 800 kg·hm-2,OF).The results showed that,compared with NPK treatment,the amount of nitrogen fertilizer under OF treatment was reduced by 35.2％(88 kg·hm-2).The average yield of maize was 10 549.56 kg·hm-2,which increased by 3.94％,the grain protein yield was increased by 8.22％.The highest sustainability index was 0.74,nitrogen absorption rate,nitrogen use efficiency,nitrogen partial productivity,agronomic efficiency of nitrogen and fertilizer use efficiency were increased by 0.21％,67.63％,62.86％,71.85％and 5.52％,respectively.Compared with NPK treatment,OF treatment could reduce soil pH value effectively.The contents of organic matter(SOM),total nitrogen(TN),available phosphorus(AP)and avail-able potassium(AK)in 0-100 cm soil layers were significantly increased by 6.58％-64.82％,7.22％-8.63％,24.66％-329.26％and 14.81％-76.06％.The nitrate nitrogen content in 0-20 cm soil layer of OF treatment was increased by 44.51％and 3.68％compared with CK and NPK treatment,and the nitrate nitrogen content in 20-100 cm soil layer of NPK treatment was increased by 78.66％-149.05％and 23.57％-149.61％compared with CK and OF treatment,which increased the risk of nitrate leaching.In conclusion,the application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer with one-time nitrogen reduction can improve the soil nutrient content,promote the nutrient absorption and utilization of maize,and achieve a stable yield increase of 3.94％in summer maize,which is an effective fertilization measure suitable for light and simplified production of maize in high-yield farmland in the northwest of Shandong Province.