低温锂离子电池的动力学挑战及解决策略OA北大核心CSTPCD

Despite their wide range of applications,lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are severely degraded in terms of capacity,rate capability and lifetime at low temperatures,which greatly limits their appli-cations in low-temperature fields. A number of factors cause poor low-temperature performance of LIBs. The microscale processes occurring near the electrode/electrolyte interface,particularly the in-creased energy barrier for lithium ion (Li+) desolvation at the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the slow transport of Li+through the SEI,play a crucial role in the low-temperature performances of LIBs. Therefore,the improvement and development of electrolytes is of significant importance for the further exploration of low-temperature LIBs. This review started by examining the factors that limit the low-temperature kinetics of LIBs,and analyzed the low-temperature rate-determining steps. It then further explored how solvents,salts,and additives improve the low-temperature performances in different battery systems. This Review is expected to provide the informative outlook for the design of the next-generation low-temperature LIBs.