资本理论视域下肾移植患者工作适应的影响因素及路径OACSTPCD
Factors and pathways influencing work adjustment in kidney transplant patients from the perspective of capital theory
目的:中国肾移植的高手术量与存活率使更多患者在整个生命周期中处于与移植肾共存的状态,其中大部分患者为工作阶段的中青年,工作适应不良将引发患者的生活、自信心及未来发展受限.本研究基于资本理论视域探讨社会资本、心理资本以及人力资本对肾移植患者工作适应的影响并分析其路径.方法:采用便利抽样法选取2023年1月至4月就诊于苏州大学附属第一医院肾移植专病门诊的204例肾移植患者为研究对象,进行一般资料调查表、社会资本量表、心理资本量表、人力资本量表、工作适应量表调查,应用结构方程模型路径分析3个变量对工作适应的影响.结果:肾移植患者工作适应得分为58.09±9.00.结构方程模型结果显示:社会资本能够正向预测心理资本、人力资本和工作适应;社会资本还可以通过心理资本间接影响工作适应,同时也可以通过人力资本间接影响工作适应;人力资本可直接影响工作适应;心理资本对工作适应有直接影响,也可通过人力资本间接影响工作适应(均P<0.001).结论:肾移植患者工作适应总体处于中等水平,但在任务掌握维度的得分较低.心理资本、人力资本和社会资本对肾移植患者工作适应具有积极影响.护理人员应重视社会资本、心理资本、人力资本相对较低的患者,可通过制订资本理论视域下的个性化护理措施帮助患者提高工作适应水平.
Objective:The high volume of kidney transplants and survival rates in China result in many patients living with a transplanted kidney throughout their lifecycle.A significant portion of these patients are young to middle-aged adults in their working years,where poor work adjustment can negatively impact their life,self-confidence,and future development.This study aims to explore the influence of social capital,psychological capital,and human capital on the work adjustment of kidney transplant patients and analyzes the pathways involved. Methods:Using convenience sampling,204 kidney transplant patients who visited the specialized kidney transplant outpatient clinic at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January and April 2023 were selected as study subjects.Surveys were conducted using general information questionnaire,Social Capital Scale,Psychological Capital Scales,Human Capital Scales,and Work Adjustment Scales.Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the pathways through which the three variables affect work adjustment. Results:The work adjustment score of kidney transplant patients was 58.09±9.00.The results of the structural equation model showed that social capital positively predicted psychological capital,human capital,and work adjustment.Social capital could indirectly influence work adjustment through psychological capital and human capital.Human capital directly affected work adjustment,and psychological capital had a direct impact on work adjustment,also indirectly influencing it through human capital(P<0.001). Conclusion:Overall,kidney transplant patients have a moderate level of work adjustment,with lower scores in the task mastery dimension.Psychological capital,human capital,and social capital positively impact the work adjustment of kidney transplant patients.Healthcare providers should pay attention to patients with relatively low social,psychological,and human capital and develop individualized nursing measures from the perspective of capital theory to help patients improve their work adjustment levels.
马铮铮;钮美娥;卢向敏;曹梦艺;钱春娅
苏州大学附属第一医院泌尿外科,江苏苏州 215006苏州大学附属第一医院护理部,江苏 苏州 215006苏州大学护理学院,江苏 苏州 215031
肾移植工作适应社会资本心理资本人力资本路径分析
kidney transplantwork adjustmentsocial capitalpsychological capitalhuman capitalpathway analysis
《临床与病理杂志》 2024 (005)
695-702 / 8
苏州市护理学会姑苏护理人才"青苗"计划(SHQM202302).This work was supported by the Suzhou Nursing Association Gusu Nursing Talents"Qingmiao"Plan Project,China(SHQM202302).
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