湖泊科学2024，Vol.36Issue(5)：1289-1302,14.DOI:10.18307/2024.0500
南水北调东线沿线湖泊生态环境面临的挑战与保护对策
Challenges and protection strategies of ecological environment of lakes along the Eastern Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project
摘要
Abstract
The East Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project(ER-SNWDP)spans the four major river basins of the Yangtze,Huaihe,Yellow and Haihe rivers.The ER-SNWDP connects lakes and reservoirs such as Lake Gaoyou,Lake Hongze,Lake Luoma,Lake Nansi,Lake Dongping and Beidagang Reservoir from south to north through the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and water conveyance canals,providing water resources for industrial and agricultural development,domestic and ecological use in the eastern part of the Huaihe-Haihe-Yellow River Plain,the Jiaodong region and the Tianjin-Hebei region.The lakes along the ER-SNWDP are key nodes and play an important regulating and storage role for water diversion.Meanwhile,the lakes act as purifi-ers and important"green kidneys"to improve water quality and ensure the safety of water transmission and supply in the ER-SNWDP.In recent years,under the background of building ecological civilization and maintaining water clear,significant achieve-ments have been made in the management and protection of lakes along the ER-SNWDP,resulting in the improvement of water en-vironment quality.However,under the dual influence of rapid climate change and intensive anthropogenic human activities,water pollution prevention and control,water environment management,and water ecosystem protection and restoration for lakes along the ER-SNWDP still face many serious challenges.This study systematically explores the main ecological services provided by the lakes along the ER-SNWDP in terms of water quantity regulation and purification,drinking water safety,agricultural irrigation and food security,biodiversity conservation,shipping and Grand Canal culture.Several ecological and environmental problems such as water quality deterioration,lake eutrophication,algal blooms and submerged aquatic vegetation degradation have been identified for the lakes along the ER-SNWDP.Protection strategies,including accurate identification of pollution sources,monitoring,early warning and prevention of algal blooms,ecological restoration,multi-department cooperation mechanism are proposed for continuous im-provement of water quality and ecosystem integrity,stability and sustainability.All these actions aim to support the national water security strategy of the ER-SNWDP.关键词
湖泊调蓄/富营养化/藻类水华/饮用水安全/策略与对策Key words
Lake regulation/eutrophication/algal bloom/drinking water safety/strategies and countermeasures引用本文复制引用
张运林,薛滨,蔡永久,彭凯,龚志军,罗菊花,周永强,魏佳豪,贺诗文,李娜..南水北调东线沿线湖泊生态环境面临的挑战与保护对策[J].湖泊科学,2024,36(5):1289-1302,14.基金项目
中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(2023-ZW-09-A-025)、湖泊与流域水安全重点实验室重大项目(NKL2023-ZD02)和PIFI国际合作项目(2024PG0017,2024DC0005)联合资助. （2023-ZW-09-A-025）
