人民黄河2024，Vol.46Issue(9)：8-17,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2024.09.002
新形势下黄河的治理方略
Strategies for Yellow River Management Under the New Situation
摘要
Abstract
Based on the discussion of flood control strategies for the Yellow River and issues like"less water and more sediment"since mod-ern times,this article proposed a management strategy for the wide river section of the lower Yellow River under new circumstances,namely"three embankments coexist,channel and floodplain co-management".This means relying on the river engineering for the first line of defense by upgrading production embankments into sturdy protective embankments,with the main embankment and its protective engineering forming the second line of defense.The roads from the main embankment to the guiding structures are reinforced into grid embankments,and the river channel is regulated according to the principle of"smooth protection of bends and using bends to guide flow".Additionally,protective struc-tures are constructed along the opposite bank of the regulated engineering works.For narrow river sections,significant improvements in flood discharge capacity can be achieved through local widening,and flood control structures that significantly obstruct flow in these areas need to be modified or removed.This approach will also release related flood detention areas and relax the flood passage requirements for floodplain areas in wide river sections.The fundamental strategy for reducing the amount of sediment entering the Yellow River involves using engineer-ing measures and new technologies and materials for the construction of warping dams to change the erosion geography in areas of severe soil erosion.Combined with near-natural restoration and ecological management techniques,actively intercept and reduce sediment production from basin slopes and sustain ecological benefits.Through the construction of the Guxian and Heishanxia hydro-junction works as soon as pos-sible and by enhancing the regulatory role of the backbone project of Sanmenxia,the main structure of the water and sediment regulation sys-tem of the Yellow River will be established,creating a mechanism for coordinated water and sediment regulation and optimized water re-sources allocation throughout the river.This will ensure the coordination of water and sediment relationships along the entire river and curb the deterioration of river conditions in the sections of Ningxia and Inner Mongolia.In order to solve the issue of water scarcity in the lower Yellow River,we should restore the conditions for the Yellow River and Wenhe River floods to flow into and flow out Dongping Lake,as well as the function of Nansi Lake floods flowing into the Yellow River.The existing and planned reservoirs along the Yellow River should be inter-con-nected to play a role in water resources allocation.If a canal is built in the east of the Central Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,the lower Yellow River can serve as a channel for floodwaters from the upper reaches of the Huai River and Han River tributaries to the sea,transforming water disasters from other basins into sediment flushing,irrigation and ecological water for the downstream areas.The implementation of projects like"Transferring Water from the Upstream of the Yangtze River in Sichuan Province to the Yellow River"and"Diverting water resources from Xizang Autonomous Region to Sichuan Province"is fundamentally important for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.关键词
治理方略/河道治理/滩区治理/水土保持/水沙调控/外流域调水/黄河流域Key words
governance strategy/river management/floodplain management/water and soil conservation/water and sediment regulation/water transfer from external river basins/Yellow River Basin分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
张红武..新形势下黄河的治理方略[J].人民黄河,2024,46(9):8-17,10.基金项目
内蒙古自治区科技厅重大专项(150000243033210000057) （150000243033210000057）
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402500) （2016YFC0402500）
鄂尔多斯市水利科技重点项目(20232000090) （20232000090）
