海洋气象学报2024，Vol.44Issue(3)：95-106,12.DOI:10.19513/j.cnki.hyqxxb.20230728001
山东地面气象观测站网布局评估
Evaluation of surface meteorological observing station networks in Shandong
摘要
Abstract
Based on the principle of Rolling Review of Requirements and structure function,the horizontal resolution(average distance between stations)of the surface meteorological observing station networks in Shandong is evaluated,and the optimum distribution scheme and distance of temperature,relative humidity and precipitation of national reference,basic and conventional meteorological observing stations in Shandong are studied.The results are as follows.(1)For national and regional meteorological observing stations,the meteorological elements with horizontal resolution from low to high are precipitation,temperature,wind direction/wind speed,relative humidity and air pressure in sequence.For national reference,basic and conventional meteorological observing stations,the horizontal resolution of each element is the same.For meteorological application observing stations,the horizontal resolution of temperature and relative humidity is smaller than that of wind direction/wind speed and precipitation.(2)Except in fields of global numerical weather forecasting and marine application,there is still a significant gap between the horizontal resolution of each element of the 4 types of surface meteorological observing stations in Shandong and the breakthrough values in various application fields of OSCAR(Observation System Capability Analysis and Review).(3)The structure functions of the 4 seasons'temperature,relative humidity and precipitation of national reference,basic and conventional meteorological observing stations in Shandong enlarge with the increase of distance as a whole.The standard errors of linear,equilateral triangle and square interpolation of temperature,relative humidity and precipitation have linear relationship with distance.When the distance meets the condition that the standard error of point value interpolation is less than the standard error of observation,the accuracy of equilateral triangle interpolation of temperature,relative humidity and precipitation is the highest.(4)The optimum distribution scheme of temperature,relative humidity and precipitation of national reference,basic and conventional meteorological observing stations in Shandong is triangular layout.The optimum distribution distance of temperature/relative humidity/precipitation is equal to or less than 43.6/63.4/40.3 km.关键词
滚动需求评估/观测系统能力分析和审查工具(OSCAR)/站网布局/水平分辨率/结构函数/内插精度Key words
Rolling Review of Requirements/OSCAR(Observation System Capability Analysis and Review)/network layout/horizontal resolution/structure function/interpolation accuracy分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
张玉洁,于振波,李恒昶,涂爱琴..山东地面气象观测站网布局评估[J].海洋气象学报,2024,44(3):95-106,12.基金项目
山东省气象局科研项目(2021SDYD11,2018sdqxz05,2023SDBD08) （2021SDYD11,2018sdqxz05,2023SDBD08）
