水生生物学报2024，Vol.48Issue(9)：1541-1552,12.DOI:10.7541/2024.2023.0293
千岛湖外来物种蓝鳃太阳鱼的生活史特征及适应性
LIFE HISTORY CHARACTERISTIC AND ADAPTABILITY OF THE EXOTIC BLUEGILL SUNFISH(LEPOMIS MACROCHIRUS)POPULATION IN QIANDAOHU LAKE
摘要
Abstract
Biological invasions,as an important component of global change,have caused enormous ecological,economic and evolutionary impacts worldwide,posing a serious threat to the biodiversity conservation.The bluegill sunfish(Lepomis macrochirus),a quintessential exotic fish,has successfully established itself in some of China's natu-ral waters.Despite its presence,there is a notable absence of studies or reports on the life history characteristics and adaptations of bluegill sunfish populations in China.In this study,we systematically collected a total of 3484 samples of bluegill sunfish monthly from March 2021 to January 2023,focusing on the population in Qiandaohu Lake.We exami-ned various life history traits,including age,growth,reproduction,and mortality,as well as bluegill sunfish adaptations.The results showed that the mean body length of bluegill sunfish was(88±0.6)mm,with a mean body weight of(30.42±0.53)g.The age structure displayed simplicity,predominantly featuring younger individuals aged 1-2 years(83.97%).The body length-weight relationship was obtained by fitting a power function equation as BW=1×10-5SL 3.1543(N=3484,R2=0.97).In addition,sexual dimorphism was evident in Qiandaohu Lake bluegill sunfish,with a breeding season spanning from April to September.Noteworthy reproductive characteristics included an absolute fecundity of(11405±921)grains/tail,a relative fecundity of(282±14)grains/g,and an average egg diameter of(0.74±0.003)mm.Natural mortality was estimated at 1.05/year using the empirical formula proposed by Pauly.The fishing(F)and total mortality(Z)coefficients,along with the exploitation rate(E)were estimated at 2.53/year,3.58/year and 0.14,respectively,using the length-converted catch curve method.In summary,the population of bluegill sunfish in Qiandaohu Lake showed characteristics typical of an r-strategistis,with an overall increasing population size.This poses the potential risk of further expansion,destabilizing the ecosystem of Qiandaohu Lake,necessitating urgent management and control measures.The study identified key adaptive mechanisms contributing to the successful inva-sion of Qiandaohu Lake by bluegill sunfish,including alterations in reproductive timing and early growth rates.The results fill crucial gaps in basic information regarding the population growth,age structure and reproductive characteris-tics of bluegill sunfish in China.They shed light on the adaptive mechanisms underlying their successful invasionand provide an important theoretical foundation for preventing and controlling bluegill sunfish invasion in China.关键词
千岛湖/蓝鳃太阳鱼/生物入侵/生活史策略/适应性特征Key words
Qiandaohu Lake/Bluegill sunfish/Biological invasion/Life history strategies/Adaptive characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马玉兴,梁智策,文峰,廖传松,盘家永,邵建强,何光喜,刘家寿,郭传波..千岛湖外来物种蓝鳃太阳鱼的生活史特征及适应性[J].水生生物学报,2024,48(9):1541-1552,12.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45) （CARS-45）
国家自然科学基金(32172980)资助[Supported by the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of China(CARS-45) （32172980）
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172980)] （32172980）
