水生生物学报2024，Vol.48Issue(9)：1553-1565,13.DOI:10.7541/2024.2023.0342
基于Ecopath模型的漳泽水库生态系统特征及鲢、鳙生态容量评估
ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS AND ECOLOGICAL CAPACITY OF HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX AND ARISTICHTHYS NOBILIS IN THE ZHANGZE RESERVOIR BASED ON ECOPATH MODEL
摘要
Abstract
Ecopath is a modeling tool utilized for analyzing the structure and function of marine and freshwater ecosys-tems,providing an effective means to assess the structure and energy flow within food webs across various ecosystems.Numerous scholars have employed the Ecopath model to establish ecosystem models for oceans,ponds,lakes,estua-ries,and reservoirs,aiming to explore ecosystem structure,function and energy flow characteristics,as well as assess the phylogenetic status and maturity.Additionally,the model has been applied to study the ecological capacity of target species in marine ecosystems such as Wangjiadao Islands and Daya Bay,aiding in the evaluation of breeding and releasing activities.However,the use of the Ecopath model to study the ecological capacity of target species in inland lake reservoir ecosystems,particularly during breeding and releasing activities,requires further investigation.To eluci-date the fundamental characteristics of the Zhangze Reservoir ecosystem,estimate the ecological capacity of filter-feed-ing fish species such as silver carp and bighead,and explore the impact of silver carp proliferation and release on the ecosystem,this study employed the Ecopath with Ecosim 6.6.5(EwE)software package for modeling and analysis.The Ecopath model of Zhangze Reservoir was constructed based on fishery resource survey data from 2022 to 2023,divid-ing the ecosystem into 16 functional groups based on ecological niches and feeding characteristics of organisms.The results showed that the trophic level of each functional group ranged from 1 to 3.31.The energy conversion efficiency of primary producers and detritus stood at 9.04%and 9.25%,respectively,with the total energy conversion efficiency of the ecosystem at 9.04%.Moreover,the total flow of each trophic level exhibited an inverse proportion to its trophic level,conforming to the ecological energy pyramid law.The total annual flow of the Zhangze Reservoir ecosystem was measured at 53531.34 t/km2,with a system linkage index(CI)of 0.267,system omnivorous index(SOI)of 0.149,Finnish circulation index(FCI)of 11.12%,and the Finnish average track length(FMPL)of 2.881.The degree of connectivity among ecosystem functional groups was relatively close,yet the food web structure lacked complexity,generally indicating an immature stage.The ecological carrying capacities of silver carp and bighead carp were esti-mated at 161.5 and 70.3 t/km2,respectively,representing 3.549 and 1.947 times the current biomass,suggesting signifi-cant potential for fishery biomass growth.During the process of silver carp and bighead carp reaching their ecological carrying capacities,the total primary production and total respiration values of the Zhangze Reservoir ecosystem decreased by 0.47 and 0.15,respectively.Additionally,the system connection index(CI)and Finn average path length(FMPL)increased slightly,indicating improved energy use efficiency and a tendency towards increased ecosystem complexity and maturity.Considering adjustments to the biomass of silver carp and bighead carp to reach the maxi-mum sustainable yield of 80.75 and 35.15 t/km2,respectively,may enhance silver carp production and improve ecosys-tem maturity.The above results provide insight into the development status of the Zhangze Reservoir ecosystem and offer valuable guidance for fishery enhancement management strategies.关键词
生态系统/生态容量/Ecopath模型Key words
Ecosystem/Ecological capacity/Ecopath model分类
水产学引用本文复制引用
刘子萌,冯民权,杨锐婧,刘果果..基于Ecopath模型的漳泽水库生态系统特征及鲢、鳙生态容量评估[J].水生生物学报,2024,48(9):1553-1565,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(51679191) （51679191）
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JZ-42)资助[Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51679191) （2019JZ-42）
the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shannxi Province of China(2019JZ-42)] （2019JZ-42）
