贵州典型喀斯特流域土壤氧化铁特征分异及其影响因素OA北大核心CSTPCD
Distinguishing Features and Influential Factors of Soil Iron Oxide in a Representative Karst Watershed in Guizhou Province
探究亚热带喀斯特流域土壤氧化铁特征及其分异,对认识这类特殊地域综合体上土壤的发生发育及类型演化等具有重要意义.以贵州省普定县后寨河流域内 53 个典型剖面土壤为研究对象,测定诊断表层和诊断表下层不同形态氧化铁含量并计算其风化度指标,分析土壤氧化铁特征及其分异情况,探讨成土环境和土壤属性对氧化铁特征分异的影响.结果表明:由诊断表层至诊断表下层,全铁、游离铁呈增加趋势,平均增幅分别为 25.54%和 39.63%,铁氧化物具有在诊断表下层富集的特征;诊断表层铁活化度高于诊断表下层,而铁游离度和铁晶胶率与之相反.大部分诊断表下层土壤游离铁在30 g·kg-1以上,铁游离度≥50%,铁活化度<30%,土壤处于中期脱硅富铝化阶段.母岩、土地利用、流域部位、有机质、pH、黏粒阳离子交换量和质地等对不同形态土壤氧化铁含量及其风化度指标分异均有显著影响(P<0.05);地理探测器分析表明,母岩与有机质对各氧化铁特征(除铁游离度)分异的解释力较大,二者交互作用下的q值最大(全铁 41.9%、游离铁 39.8%、非晶质铁 40.1%、铁活化度41%、铁晶胶率52.5%),因此母岩和有机质为亚热带喀斯特流域土壤氧化铁特征分异的主控因子.
[Objective]Understanding the characteristics and differentiation of soil iron oxide in subtropical karst basins is crucial for comprehending the occurrence,development,and type evolution of soil in this unique regional complex.[Method]This study focused on 53 typical soil profiles in the Houzhai River Basin,Puding County,Guizhou Province.The research involved measuring the content of various forms of iron oxides in diagnostic surface and subsurface horizons,calculating their weathering indexes,and analyzing the characteristics and differentiation of soil iron oxides.Additionally,the study explored the impacts of soil-forming environments and soil attributes on the characteristic differentiation of iron oxides.[Result]The results revealed an increasing trend in the content of total iron and free iron from diagnostic surface to subsurface horizons,with average increments of 25.54%and 39.63%,respectively.Iron oxides exhibited enrichment in diagnostic subsurface horizons.The activation degree of iron in the diagnostic surface layer surpassed that in subsurface horizons,while free iron and the iron crystal gel rate showed an opposite trend.Most tested diagnostic tables'subsoil had over 30 g·kg-1 of free iron,over 50%iron dissociation degree,and less than 30%iron activation degree,indicating that the soil was in the aluminization stage during the middle phase of desilication.Factors such as parent rock,land use,watershed position,organic matter,pH,clay CEC7,and texture types significantly influenced the iron oxide content and weathering index of various soil forms.Geographical detector analysis highlighted the significant explanatory power of parent rock and organic matter on iron oxide index differences(excluding free iron degree),with the highest Q value observed in their interaction(total iron 41.9%,free iron 39.8%,amorphous iron 40.1%,iron activity 41%,iron crystal gel ratio 52.5%).[Conclusion]Apparently,parent rock and organic matter are the primary factors influencing the differentiation of soil iron oxide characteristics in subtropical karst watersheds.
徐祖亮;陆晓辉;曾海莲;邹钰峰
贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳 550025||贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵阳 550025
农业科学
氧化铁影响因素亚热带喀斯特流域贵州省
Iron oxideInfluential factorsSubtropical karst watershedGuizhou Province
《土壤学报》 2024 (005)
1284-1298 / 15
国家自然科学基金项目(41867001,41261058)、贵州师范大学学术新苗培养及创新探索专项项目(黔科合平台人才([2018]5769-23)和贵州师范大学博士科研项目(GZNUD[2017]7 号)资助 Supported by the Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41867001,41261058),and The Special Project of Training and Innovative Exploration of New Academic Seedlings in Guizhou Normal University(Talents of Guizhou Science and Technology Cooperation platform)(No.[2018]5769-23),and Doctoral Research Project of Guizhou Normal University(No.GZNUD[2017]7)
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