有机培肥对中稻-再生稻产量与氮肥利用的影响OACSTPCD
Effects of organic fertilizer application on yield and nitrogen fertilizer utilization in mid-season rice-ratooning rice
为探究有机培肥对中稻-再生稻产量、氮肥利用及土壤地力的影响,并为中稻-再生稻高产高效栽培与稻田培肥提供技术与理论支撑,本研究以准两优 608(2018年)和晶两优华占(2019年)为材料,设置种植红萍(OM1)、种植绿肥+秸秆还田(OM2)、施用猪粪减施 15%化肥(OM3)和常规施用化肥(CK)4个处理,分别测定了中稻-再生稻头季和再生季产量、干物质重量、氮肥利用及土壤肥力相关指标.结果表明,有机培肥显著提高头季与再生季中稻-再生稻产量,与CK相比,增幅分别达 12.0%～25.0%和 16.7%～26.3%(P<0.05).有机培肥显著增加了中稻-再生稻头季每穗粒数和两季有效穗数,同时显著增加了各生育期干物质积累量,增幅为 27.0%～83.3%(P<0.05).有机培肥显著提高中稻-再生稻氮肥偏生产力,其中以OM3 增幅最大,头季和再生季分别增加41.1%和33.0%,但显著降低了头季与再生季氮素利用率,降幅分别为 21.4%～32.9%和 13.2%～22.7%(P<0.05).有机培肥一定程度上显著提升中稻-再生稻系统土壤肥力,与CK相比,OM1 显著增加了土壤碱解氮含量,OM2 显著提高了土壤有效磷、速效钾、有机质和全钾含量,OM3 显著增加土壤碱解氮、有效磷、有机质和全磷含量(P<0.05).有机培肥显著提高中稻-再生稻系统产量、氮肥利用与土壤肥力,3种模式效果表现为施用猪粪减施15%化肥>种植绿肥加秸秆还田>红萍.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic fertilizer application on yield,nitrogen fertilizer utilization and soil fertility of the mid-season rice-ratooning rice to provide technical and theoretical support for high yield and high economic return of mid-season rice-ratooning rice in paddy field.Two rice cultivars,Zhunliangyou 608(ZLY 608,2018)and Jingliang-youhuazhan(JLYHZ,2019)were selected and four treatments were set as follows:planting azolla(OM1),planting green manure and straw return(OM2),pig manure application with 15%chemical fertilizer reduction(OM3)and chemical fertilizer application(CK).Rice yield,yield components,nitrogen utilization and soil fertility were examined.Compared with CK,organic fertilizer application significantly increased the yield of mid-season rice-ratooning rice by 12.0%～25.0%and 16.7%～26.3%in main season and ratooning season,respectively(P<0.05).Organic fertilizer application significantly increased the number of grains per panicle in the main season and productive panicle in the two seasons(P<0.05).Organic fertilizer application significantly increased the dry matter accumulation at each stage by 27.0%～83.3%(P<0.05).Organic fertilizer application significantly increased the nitrogen partial factor productivity(NPFP)by 41.1%in the main season and 33.0%in the ratoon season in OM3(P<0.05).However,the nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)of mid-season rice-ratooning rice was decreased by 21.4%～32.9%,13.2%～22.7%in the main season and ratoon season,respectively(P<0.05).To some extent,organic fertilizer application significantly improved the soil fertility in the mid-season rice-ratooning rice system(P<0.05).Compared with CK,OM1 significantly increased the alkaline nitrogen content,OM2 significantly increased the available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter and total potassium,OM3 signifi-cantly increased the alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus,organic matter and total phosphorus(P<0.05).In conclusion,organic fertilization significantly improves the yield,nitrogen utilization and soil fertility in mid-season rice-ratooning rice system,and the performance of the three modes is in the order of OM3>OM2>OM1.
胡志华;柳开楼;胡丹丹;宋惠洁;吴艳;徐小林
江西省红壤及种质资源研究所,江西 南昌 330046江西省红壤及种质资源研究所,江西 南昌 330046江西省红壤及种质资源研究所,江西 南昌 330046江西省红壤及种质资源研究所,江西 南昌 330046江西省红壤及种质资源研究所,江西 南昌 330046江西省红壤及种质资源研究所,江西 南昌 330046
农业科学
中稻-再生稻产量氮肥利用土壤肥力
mid-season rice-ratooning riceyieldnitrogen utilizationsoil fertility
《土壤与作物》 2024 (3)
314-322,9
江西省重点研发计划项目(20203BBFL63064)国家科技基础资源调查专项项目课题(2021FY100504)江西省双千计划项目(jxsq2020102116).
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