土壤与作物2024，Vol.13Issue(3)：331-339,9.DOI:10.11689/sc.2023071201
限制红壤旱地芝麻产量提高的关键土壤肥力因子探究
Study on the key soil fertility factors limiting the improvement of sesame yield in red soil upland
摘要
Abstract
The dynamics of soil chemical properties and enzyme activities at different growth stages as well as their relationships with sesame yield were examined with 10 sesame varieties(C1-C10).The results showed that with the development of sesame,soil pH,the contents of available phosphorus(AP)and available zinc(AZn),and the activities of cellulose and urease increased by 4.1%,19.4%,15.4%,11.1%and 21.4%at the flowering stage,and increased by 3.3%,12.9%,13.0%,70.4%and 11.3%at the maturity,compared with seedling stage,respectively.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen(TN),available nitrogen(AN)and protease activity decreased by 8.2%,1.7%,30.3%and 17.1%at the flowering stage,and 9.0%,5.8%,33.2%and 30.3%at the maturity,respectively.Available potassium(AK)content and acid phosphatase activity initially increased by 23.3%and 10.7%prior to the flowering stage and then decreased by 20.6%and 3.5%till the maturity,respectively.Available boron(AB)content and sucrase activity showed a"V"type change.The AB content decreased by 41.4%at the flowering stage but increased by 7.3%till maturity;while sucrose activity had a 25.8%of decrease at the flowering stage,and no difference till maturity compared with the seedling stage.There was no difference in β-glucosidase activity between the seedling and flowering stage,but the activity decreased by 33.5%till maturity.In addition,the contents of AZn,AK,AB,AN and AP,as well as the activities of cellulase and sucrase varied among genotypes and growth stages;while soil pH,TN and organic matter contents,and the activities of β-glucoside,protease,acid phosphatase and urease were relatively stable.Among these fertility factors,soil available nitrogen content and protease activity at the seedling stage,soil available boron content and cellulase activity at the flowering stage,and soil pH value at maturity were positively correlated with yield.Therefore,the strategies to increase sesame yield in the red soil include increasing input of basal nitrogen fertilizer before seeding,spraying borax fertilizer at the flowering stage,and applying alkaline substances such as lime or other measures to increase pH or prevent further acidification of the red soil.关键词
红壤旱地/芝麻产量/土壤酶/置信区间Key words
red soil upland/sesame yield/soil enzyme/confidence interval分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
吕丰娟,吕茹洁,汪瑞清,林洪鑫,张志华,魏林根,肖运萍..限制红壤旱地芝麻产量提高的关键土壤肥力因子探究[J].土壤与作物,2024,13(3):331-339,9.基金项目
江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划—青年人才项目(20212BCJ23014) （20212BCJ23014）
国家特色油料产业技术体系芝麻南昌综合试验站(CARS-14-2-15) （CARS-14-2-15）
国家自然科学基金项目(31560367,32160518). （31560367,32160518）
