有机肥替代化肥对设施甜瓜产量、品质和土壤肥力的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

To address issues such as decreased soil fertility,reduced yield,and quality degradation in muskmelons because of the excessive use of chemical fertilizers,a study was conducted using'Hongjinmi'muskmelon as the experimental material.The study conducted field plot experiments with four treatments:conventional fertilization(CON),optimized fertilization(OPT),organic fertilizer replacing 15％of chemical fertilizer in addition to the optimized fertilization(OF1),and organic fertilizer replacing 30％of chemical fertilizer(OF2).The objective was to assess the effects of various fertilization methods on the yield,quality,soil fertility,and economic outcomes of muskmelons in greenhouse.Results indicated that,compared to the CON treatment,the OPT,OF 1,and OF2 treatments led to muskmelon yield increases of 1.70％,5.58％,and 9.82％,respectively.VC content was elevated by 41.9％,86.1％,and 62.3％respectively;nitrate content was reduced by 39.0％,49.1％,and 52.2％;soluble solids content rose by 3.4％,9.4％,and 10.1％;and acidity levels fell by 21.3％,32.0％,and 30.7％,thereby improving the quality of the muskmelons.Substituting chemical fertilizers with organic options also enhanced soil fertility.In comparison to the CON treatment,the OPT,OF1,and OF2 treatments boosted the soil's organic matter content by 6.4％,11.4％,and 15.5％,enhancing the levels of available nutrients and the nutrient activation coefficient,as well as decreasing soil bulk density.From an economic standpoint,the OPT,OF1,and OF2 treatments resulted in profit increases of 1.23％(3 349 yuan·hm-2),5.84％(15 964 yuan·hm-2)and 11.5％(31 492 yuan hm-2),respectively.Consequently,in areas with favorable soil conditions,using organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer proved to be an effective strategy for improving the yield,quality,soil fertility,and economic outcomes of muskmelons in greenhouse,achieving optimal results when substituting 30％of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on top of optimization.