白蛾黑棒啮小蜂的繁育生物学特性OA北大核心CSTPCD

Tetrastichus septentrionalis is one of important parasitic natural enemies of Hyphantria cunea,showing wide application potential in biological control.The parasitic behavior and biological characteristics of T.septentrionalis were studied,which could provide a reference for its large-scale breeding with Tenebrio molitor pupa as an alternative host for control of Hyphantria cunea.The results showed that the whole mating behaviors of the wasp consisted of three phases:pre-copulating,mid-copulating and post-copulating.Parasitic behavior was divided into four phases:searching,probing,oviposition,and combing after oviposition.The embryonic development could be divided into early embryo development,period of embryo elongation and organogenesis,and period of embryo maturation.Post-embryonic development included the larval stage,pupal stage and adult stage.There were no mature eggs in the ovaries of newly emerged females,and mature eggs appeared after 24 h of emergence.The whole generation durations of T.septentrionalis were 59.35 d,31.20 d,22.85 d,18.45 d,and 13.90 d at 18℃,21℃,24℃,27℃,and 30℃,respectively.The developmental threshold temperature of T.septentrionalis was 14.15℃,and the effective accumulated temperature was 225.06 d·℃.