中国岩溶2024，Vol.43Issue(3)：650-660,11.DOI:10.11932/karst2024y029
黔中磷矿区土壤重金属污染及其生态风险评价
Heavy metal pollution of soil and its ecological risk evaluation in the phosphate mining area in central Guizhou
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the current status of heavy metal pollution of soil in the phosphate mining area in central Guizhou and to comprehensively evaluate the potential pollution risks of eight heavy metal elements,a systematic sampling approach was employed in a plum blossom pattern.A total of 24 topsoil samples were collected from the surrounding areas of the phosphate mining area and from different strata in the non-mining area.The concentrations of Cu,Pb,Zn,As,Hg,Se,Cd,and Cr were determined.Based on the test results,comprehensive evaluations of the degree of heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risks in the topsoil of the mining area were conducted in terms of the Nemerow Pollution Index(NPI),Geo-accumulation Index(Igeo),and Hankanson Potential Ecological Risk Index(RI). The results indicate that the average concentrations of Hg,Se,Cd,As,Pb,Zn,and Cr in the topsoil of the phosphate mining area in central Guizhou were 3.83 mg·kg-1,8.42 mg·kg-1,2.29 mg·kg-1,240.6 mg·kg-1,65.83 mg·kg-1,141.4 mg·kg-1,and 145.8 mg·kg-1,respectively.These values were 37.58,24.40,19.26,18.09,2.67,2.17,and 1.78 times higher than the corresponding background values of soil in Guizhou,indicating significant enrichment of these heavy metals in the study area.In contrast,the average concentration of Cu did not exceed the background value of the surrounding soil.The evaluation of heavy metal pollution in the topsoil showed that NPI values for Hg,Se,Cd,As,Pb,Zn,and Cr ranged from 4.59 to 69.32,indicating a general level of heavy pollution.Specifically,NPI values for Hg,Se,As,Cd,and Pb were 75.73,55.21,35.36,19.75,and 10.32,respectively,all demonstrating heavy pollution.NPI values of Cr and Zn were 2.17 and 2.11,respectively,suggesting moderate pollution.The lowest NPI values were observed in Cr and Cu,with averages of 1.89 and 1.21,respectively,indicating light pollution.The Igeo analysis revealed that the average Igeo value for Hg was 4.45,showing severe to extreme pollution.The average Igeo values for As,Se,and Cd ranged from 3.35 to 3.65,indicating heavy pollution.Igeo values of Pb,Zn,and Cr averaged between 0.21 and 0.44,suggesting a range from unpolluted to moderate levels of pollution.The average Igeo value for Cu was-0.83,indicating an unpolluted level.The evalution of potential ecological risk showed that the single-element RI for Hg in the topsoil was 1,533.33,indicating an extremely high ecological risk.The single-element RI value for Cd was 298.91,indicating a high ecological risk,while the value of As is 180.92,indicating a very high ecological risk.The values for Cu,Pb,Zn,and Cr were all below 10,suggesting minor risk levels.Overall,the average RI value for the topsoil in the phosphate mining area was 2,285.50,indicating an extremely high potential ecological risk.Hg was identified as the primary ecological risk element,followed by Cd and As,warranting significant attention and management measures.关键词
黔中磷矿区/土壤重金属污染/内梅罗综合污染指数/地累积指数/Hankanson潜在生态危害指数/生态风险评价Key words
the phosphate mining area in central Guizhou/heavy metal pollution in soil/Nemerow pollution index/geo-accumulation index/Hankanson potential ecological risk index/ecological risk evaluation分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
江峰,李强,高峰,吉勤克补子,刘汉武,王若帆..黔中磷矿区土壤重金属污染及其生态风险评价[J].中国岩溶,2024,43(3):650-660,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3705001-05)、贵州省重大科技成果转化项目(黔科合成果[2023]重大006)、贵州省地质勘查基金项目(DKJJ2021-01号)以及贵州省地矿局科研项目([2022]2号)联合资助 （2022YFC3705001-05）
