S波段和X波段微波单一和复合暴露致雄性大鼠生殖损伤差异及机制研究OACSTPCD
Differences and mechanisms of reproductive damage in male rats caused by single and combined exposures to S-band and X-band microwaves
目的 研究2.856和9.375 GHz微波单一和复合暴露对雄性大鼠生殖器官的损伤差异和机制.方法 40只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为sham组、S10组、X10组和SX5组.S10组和X10组分别采用2.856和9.375 GHz微波平均功率密度10 mW/cm2暴露大鼠6 min,SX5组采用2.856和9.375 GHz微波平均功率密度5 mW/cm2先后暴露大鼠6 min.暴露后1和7 d检测精子活力、血清性激素,光镜和电镜观察睾丸组织结构及检测氧化应激和能量代谢水平.结果 S10组和X10组暴露后1和7d,精子活力、睾酮(T)、促卵泡生成激素(FSH)和抑制素B(INHB)下降(P＜0.01);SX5组暴露后7 d,精子活力、T、FSH和INHB下降(P＜0.05);各暴露组促黄体生成素激素(LH)暴露后1 d下降(P＜0.01)、S10组和X10组暴露后7 d上升(P＜0.05).睾丸组织生精上皮疏松、生精细胞水肿空化,染色质凝集边移,S10组、X10组较SX5组损伤显著.S10组暴露后1和7 d,睾丸组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性下降、脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)含量升高(P＜0.01);X10组暴露后1 d,SOD下降(P＜0.01).S10组和X10组暴露后1和7 d,睾丸组织乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量下降(P＜0.05);SX5组暴露后1 d,LDH和SDH下降(P＜0.05).结论 S波段及X波段微波单一和复合暴露均可致雄性生殖器官损伤;S波段较X波段损伤显著;单频微波高强度暴露比多频微波长时间复合暴露损伤显著;该损伤与氧化应激和能量代谢密切相关.
Objective To study the differences and mechanisms of damage to the reproductive organs of male rats by single and compound exposure to microwaves at 2.856 and 9.375 GHz.Methods A total of 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group,S10 group,X10 group and SX5 group.Microwavesat 2.856 and 9.375 GHz were used to expose the rats for 6 min in the S10 and X10 groups with an average power density of 10 mW/cm2,respectively.The SX5 group was sequentiallyexposed to 2.856 and 9.375 GHz microwaves with an average power density of 5 mW/cm2 for 6 min.At 1 and 7 d after exposure,the sperm viability and serum sex hormones were detected by light microscopy and electron microscopy,and testicular tissue structure and oxidative stress and energy metabolism levels were examined.Results The sperm viability,testosterone(T),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),and inhibin B(INHB)decreased in the S10 and X10 groups at 1 and 7 d after exposure(P＜0.01),and in the SX5 group at 7 d after exposure(P＜0.05).The LH decreased in all the exposure groups at 1 d after exposure(P＜0.01),and increased in the S10 and X10 groups at 7 d after exposure(P＜0.05).The spermatogenic epithelium of testicular tissue was lax,spermatogenic cells were edematous and vacuolated,chromatin condensed and shifted side by side,and the damage was significant in the S10 and X10 groups as compared with the SX5 group.The superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in testis tissue decreased and malondialdehyde(MDA)content increased at 1 and 7 d after exposure in the S10 group(P＜0.01).In the X10 group,the SOD decreased at 1 d after exposure(P＜0.01).The lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)activity and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)content in testis tissue decreased at 1 and 7 d after exposure in the S10 and X10 groups(P＜0.05).In the SX5 group,the LDH and SDH decreased at 1 d after exposure(P＜0.05).Conclusion Single and combined exposure to S-band and X-band microwaves can cause damage to male reproductive organs.The S-band causes damage more significantly than that of X-band.Single-frequency microwave high-intensity exposure causes damage more significantly than that of multi-frequency microwave prolonged combined exposure.The damage is closely related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism.
李艳阳;庞悦悦;赵黎;王浩宇;门俊琦;姚斌伟;彭瑞云
南华大学衡阳医学院,军事医学研究院研究生协作培养基地,湖南衡阳 421001||军事科学院军事医学研究院,北京 100850军事科学院军事医学研究院,北京 100850
微波雄性生殖复合暴露氧化应激能量代谢
microwavemale reproductioncombined exposureoxidative stressenergy metabolism
《军事医学》 2024 (008)
565-571 / 7
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