农业机械学报2024，Vol.55Issue(9)：89-101,13.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2024.09.007
丘陵山区轻筒型油菜种-肥同播同施集排装置设计与试验
Design and Experiment of Lightweight and Simple Centralized Seeding-Fertilizing Device for Rapeseed in Hilly and Mountainous Areas
摘要
Abstract
In response to the practical problem of the lack of light and simple integrated planter'seeding device and fertilizing device for rapeseed in small fields such as hilly and mountainous areas,a centralized seeding-fertilizing device for rapeseed was developed.The working process of the centralized seeding-fertilizing device for rapeseed was clarified.The main structural parameters of the seeding cylinder and fertilizing cylinder were determined.The influence of the fertilizer layer control board position on the matching of seeding and fertilizing quantity was analyzed.An experiment was conducted using EDEM simulation to investigate the seeding and fertilizing performance of the centralized seeding-fertilizing device for rapeseed.A model was established to determine the relationship between the fertilizer layer control board position and the fertilizing quantity.The experimental results showed that when the seed-fertilizer cylinder rotating speed was 20～50 r/min,the seed-fertilizer cylinder rotating speed was linearly related to the seeding quantity and fertilizing quantity.When the angle between the fertilizer layer control board and the vertical direction increased within 22°～38°,the fertilizing rate was gradually increased between 1 709.63 g/min and 2 484.31 g/min.The DEM-CFD coupling simulation was applied to analyze the influence of auxiliary conveying airflow on the seed velocity and force inside the seed guiding tube.The results indicated that when the inclination angle between the seed guiding tube and the vertical plane was 10°～70°,the auxiliary conveying airflow could achieve accelerated seed discharge through the seed guiding tube and avoid seed retention.The results of the bench validation test showed that when the seed-fertilizer cylinder rotating speed was 20～50 r/min,the stability variation coefficient of the total seeding quantity was not higher than 0.92％,the consistency variation coefficient of each row of seeding quantity was not higher than 3.64％,the seed damage rate was not higher than 0.04％,the stability variation coefficient of the total fertilizing quantity was not higher than 1.21％,and the consistency variation coefficient of each row of fertilizing was not higher than 4.41％.As the seeding rapeseed was fixed,the angle between the fertilizer layer control board and the vertical direction could be adjusted to meet different fertilizing requirements.The field test results indicated that the variation coefficient for the consistency of the number of plants in each row of rapeseed was 9.25％,and the variation coefficient for the stability of the total number of plants was 7.16％,which met the requirements for precision seeding for rapeseed.关键词
油菜/同播同施/排种装置/排肥装置/集成式种肥滚筒/丘陵山区Key words
rapeseed/seeding-fertilizing/seeding device/fertilizing device/seed-fertilizer cylinder/hilly and mountainous areas分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王磊,周国威,张青松,廖庆喜,廖宜涛,牛莉,夏立波..丘陵山区轻筒型油菜种-肥同播同施集排装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2024,55(9):89-101,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600503)、国家自然科学基金项目(32001427)、湖北省自然科学基金项目(2023AFB557)、农业农村部东南丘陵山地农业装备重点实验室(部省共建)开放项目(QSKF2023001)和财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-12) （2021YFD1600503）
