农业资源与环境学报2024，Vol.41Issue(5)：1052-1061,10.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2023.0701
钾肥用量对菊芋块茎产量、植株生理特性及钾素吸收利用影响效应
Effects of potassium fertilizer rates on tuber yield,plant physiological characteristics and potassium absorption and utilization of Helianthus tuberosus L.
摘要
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of potassium application rates on tuber yield,plant physiological characteristics,potassium absorption and utilization of Helianthus tuberosus L.,and thus to provide a reference for scientific application of potassium and high-quality and high-yield cultivation of H.tuberosus.A field experiment was conducted in the Science and Education Park of Henan Agricultural University in Yuanyang County,Henan Province,in 2022.Six treatments of 0(K0),45(K45),90(K90),135(K135),180 kg·hm-2(K180),and 225 kg·hm-2(K225)K2O were used.Tuber yield was measured at the maturity stage(206 d after sowing),potassium accumulation,canopy photosynthetic effective radiation(APAR and FPAR),canopy temperature,leaf SPAD value,leaf anatomical structure,and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured during the growth period(60,94,122 d,and 162 d after sowing).In addition,potassium harvest index(PHI),apparent use efficiency of potassium(AUP,%)and agronomic efficiency of potassium(AEP,kg·kg-1)for H.tuberosus were analyzed.The results showed that potassium application could significantly increase the fresh yield of H.tuberosus.The optimal potassium fertilization rate for the growing season was 204 kg·hm-2.With the increase of potassium fertilizer rate,the relevant physiological indicators of H.tuberosus(plant potassium accumulation,APAR,FPAR,leaf SPAD value,upper and lower epidermis thickness,leaf thickness,palisade tissue thickness,cavernous tissue thickness,and antioxidant enzyme activity)showed a trend of first rising and then declining;canopy temperature change showed the opposite trend.All indicators reached their optimal values at a potassium fertilizer rate of 180 kg·hm-2.AUP and AEP showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of potassium fertilizer dosage,whereas PHI showed a gradually decreasing trend.In summary,the yield of H.tuberosus tubers was significantly improved by increasing rates of potassium,and the physiological activity,stress resistance,and potassium fertilizer utilization were also improved.With the conditions of sandy tital soil in northen Henan,the recommended potassium fertilizer rate for H.tuberosus is 180-204 kg·hm-2.关键词
菊芋/产量/冠层温度/叶片解剖结构/钾肥利用效率Key words
Helianthus tuberosus L./yield/canopy temperature/anatomical structural characteristics of leaf/potassium utilization efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张铎,秦丁,杨启睿,张潇,王宜伦,李岚涛,苗玉红..钾肥用量对菊芋块茎产量、植株生理特性及钾素吸收利用影响效应[J].农业资源与环境学报,2024,41(5):1052-1061,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31902118) （31902118）
河南省科技攻关项目(232102111119) （232102111119）
河南农业大学青年英才专项基金项目(30500427)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31902118) （30500427）
Key Science and Technology Program of Henan Province,China(232102111119) （232102111119）
Henan Agricultural University Youth Talent Special Foundation of China(30500427) （30500427）
