人工智能生成物的可版权性探究及域外经验镜鉴OACHSSCDCSTPCD
Copyrightable of Artificial Intelligence Products and Experience in Foreign Countries
运用生成式人工智能技术创作的文字、图片及视频等,在可版权性和著作权归属上存在争议.从人工智能生成物创作的运行机制入手,以人工智能在创作中的角色定位为标准,区分作为工具的人工智能生成物和具有一定自主性的人工智能生成物;从著作权基本理论出发,借鉴美国、欧盟等域外国家和地区的立法及司法实践经验,前者能够直接适用于现行著作权法,而后者不满足独创性和创作主体要件,不属于著作权法保护的"作品".同时,将人工智能生成物纳入著作权法保护范围无法与中国著作权法体系和立法目的相兼容,甚至可能会打击自然人的创作热情.最后将视角由知识产权法扩展至社会影响,对人工智能生成物进行著作权保护,则在训练数据侵权、权属不清及降低信息网络犯罪门槛等方面有可能会产生一系列不利后果,建议采取其他路径进行保护.
At present,the text,pictures and videos created by generative artificial intelligence technology have many disputes on the copyright and copyright ownership.This paper starts with the operation mechanism of the creation of artificial intelligence products,takes the role of artificial intelligence in the creation as the standard,and distinguishes the artificial intelligence products as tools and artificial intelligence products with a certain degree of autonomy.Starting from the basic theory of copyright and drawing on the legislative and judicial practice experience of the United States,the European Union and other foreign countries and regions,the former can directly apply the current copyright law,while the latter does not meet the requirements of originality and creation subject,and does not belong to the"works"protected by copyright law.At the same time,including artificial intelligence products into the scope of copyright law protection is not compatible with China's copyright law system and legislative purposes,and will even cause a blow to the creative enthusiasm of natural persons.Finally,the perspective is expanded from intellectual property law to social impact,and copyright protection of artificial intelligence products may produce a series of adverse consequences in terms of training data infringement,unclear ownership and lowering the threshold of information cyber crime,etc.Consequently,it is suggested to take other paths for copyright protection.
刘若怡
武汉大学法学院,武汉 430072
政治法律
人工智能生成物创作著作权作品
artificial intelligence productscreationcopyrightworks
《全球科技经济瞭望》 2024 (7)
60-67,8
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