眼科学报2024，Vol.39Issue(7)：352-364,13.DOI:10.12419/24070303
糖尿病性黄斑水肿危险因素研究进展
Research progress on risk factors for diabetic macular edema
摘要
Abstract
Diabetic macular edema(DME)is one of the most common and severe complications of diabetes,and it is a leading cause of blindness in the working-age population.The pathophysiology of DME is complex,resulting from the interplay of various factors.Controlling these risk factors is crucial in reducing the incidence of DME.As a systemic disease-related ocular condition,the onset and progression of DME are influenced by numerous risk factors.However,previous literature has provided insufficient summaries of these factors.This review aims to summarize the risk factors for DME from both systemic and ocular perspectives.The systemic risk factors primarily include poor glycemic control,prolonged duration of diabetes,hypertension,dyslipidemia,obesity,renal dysfunction,pregnancy,the use of hypoglycemic medications,anemia,obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome,genetic factors,smoking,alcohol consumption,hypercalcemia,and hypomagnesemia.On the other hand,ocular risk factors include cataracts,glaucoma and vitrectomy,panretinal photocoagulation,coexisting retinal vein occlusion,and related cytokines.A deeper understanding of these risk factors will aid in the better prevention and early treatment of DME,while also providing guidance and reference for controlling the progression of DME during the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.However,some of these factors remain controversial,and additional DME risk factors still need to be explored.It is hoped that,in the near future,more foundational and prospective clinical studies will provide high-quality evidence on DME risk factors and treatments.关键词
糖尿病性黄斑水肿/危险因素/全身因素/眼部因素Key words
diabetic macular edema/risk factors/systemic factors/ocular factors分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李梓敬,金陈进..糖尿病性黄斑水肿危险因素研究进展[J].眼科学报,2024,39(7):352-364,13.基金项目
广东省医学科研基金(A2024187).This work was supported by Guangdong Medical Research Fund,China(A202418). （A2024187）
