正常眼的脉络膜血管系统研究进展OA

The choroid is the primary source of blood supply for the retina.As the largest and most important vascular system within the eye,the choroidal vasculature plays a crucial role in providing blood to the outer retina.The choroid is a dynamic,multifunctional structure whose physiological characteristics are influenced by a variety of factors.These factors include age,gender,anatomical location,axial length of the eye,circadian rhythm,and alcohol consumption,among others.Choroidal vortex veins can be anatomically divided into three main parts:intraocular,scleral,and extraocular.Furthermore,they can be subdivided into eight distinct regions:choroidal veins,pre-ampulla,ampulla,post-ampulla,scleral entrance,intrascleral canal,scleral exit,and extrascleral vortex vein.In the healthy eye,the types of vortex veins are not limited to the traditionally recognized veins with exits near the ciliary body pars plana in the equatorial region.Recent research has revealed the existence of posterior vortex veins with exits in the posterior pole of the eye.Based on the morphology and anatomical characteristics of vortex veins,they can be further classified into four types:absent vortex veins,incomplete vortex veins,complete vortex veins,complete vortex veins with ampulla.This paper aims to elucidate the blood flow and vortex veins anatomical foundation of the choroid in normal human eyes.Understanding these characteristics in a healthy state will aid in identifying pathological changes in the choroid,which is of significant value for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ocular diseases.