中国农业科学2024，Vol.57Issue(18)：3551-3567,17.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.18.004
稻蟹共生系统稻田水-土界面微生物群落结构特征
Microbial Community Structure Characteristics at the Water-Soil Interface in Rice-Crab Co-Culture System
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The rice-crab co-culture is a predominant three-dimensional ecological cultivation model in northern Chinese rice fields.The water-soil interface is a key area for material cycling within this system.In this paper,studying the diversity and structure of microbial communities at this interface aimed to understand its evolution and support research on the ecological health of water and soil in rice-crab co-culture systems.[Method]Eight long-term rice monoculture systems and eight long-term rice-crab co-culture systems(＞20 years)were selected in a typical rice-crab co-cultivation area in Panjin,Liaoning province.Based on measurements of physicochemical indicators of rice field water and soil,as well as high-throughput sequencing technology of the 16S rRNA gene,the study compared the effects of two rice cultivation systems on the properties and bacterial community structures of the water-soil interface in paddy fields.[Result](1)The introduction of crabs significantly reduced the unique microbial communities at the water-soil interface.Specifically,the number of unique operational taxonomic units(OTUs)in surface water and interfacial soil decreased by 27.0%and 71.2%,respectively.However,the introduction of crabs had no significant effect on alpha diversity in surface water,but it reduced the richness of bacterial communities in interfacial soil.(2)The introduction of crabs significantly altered the structure and composition of the water-soil interface bacterial community.The introduction of crabs significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria(30.4%)and decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria(39.9%)in surface water.Simultaneously,it increased the relative abundance of Planctomycetes(21.1%)and decreased the relative abundance of Ignavibacteriae(15.1%)and Nitrospirae(21.7%)in interfacial soil.(3)Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were not only core species at the water-soil interface of rice field systems,but also key species in co-occurrence networks,playing important roles in stabilizing ecological networks.(4)The introduction of crabs into rice fields increased the complexity and stability of the bacterial co-occurrence network in the interface soil,but decreased it in the paddy field water.(5)Linear regression analysis showed that NO3--N concentration in surface water and interface soil pH were the main driving factors influencing the diversity and stability of their respective bacterial community structures.[Conclusion]The introduction of crabs significantly altered the microbial community structure and diversity at the water-soil interface in rice fields.The increase in nutrient salts in the water posed a risk of reducing the stability of the aquatic microbial community.However,the rice-crab co-culture shaped a more stable bacterial community in the interface soil,which facilitated nutrient cycling and enhanced crop nutrient utilization efficiency.关键词
稻蟹共生/田面水细菌/界面土壤细菌/共现网络/理化性质Key words
rice-crab co-culture/surface water bacteria/interface soil bacteria/co-occurrence network/physicochemical properties引用本文复制引用
李伟晶,王洪媛,徐洋,李浩,翟丽梅,刘宏斌..稻蟹共生系统稻田水-土界面微生物群落结构特征[J].中国农业科学,2024,57(18):3551-3567,17.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1700700)、现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-33) （2022YFD1700700）
