中国农业科学2024，Vol.57Issue(18)：3642-3653,12.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2024.18.010
不同氮素管理模式对黄土旱塬春玉米产量及N2O排放的影响
Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Patterns on Yield and Nitrous Oxide Emission of Spring Maize in Dryland Farming of the Loess Plateau
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Investigating the impacts of different N application regimes on crop(spring maize)yield and nitrous oxide(N2O)emission provided the basis for reasonable N(Nitrogen)application and GHG(Greenhouse Gas)emission mitigation in dryland farming of the Loess Plateau.[Method]In this study,the impacts of five N application regimes on spring maize(Xianyu 335)yield and N2O emission were investigated in a short-term(2 years)experiment in Changwu Agro-Ecological Experimental Station,and the treatments included:no fertilizer;conventional N fertilization(Con,250 kg N⋅hm-2);optimized N fertilization(Opt,200 kg N⋅hm-2);optimized N fertilization with slow-release fertilizer(Opt+SR,200 kg N⋅hm-2);optimized N fertilization with dicyandiamide(Opt+DCD,200 kg N⋅hm-2).The N2O emission fluxes were monitored using sealed static chambers,and the gas chromatograph and the global warming potential(GWP)was calculated.[Result](1)N2O emissions increased rapidly after N application,reaching a peak on the second day,and rapidly decreased after 10 days of maintenance.Optimized N fertilization significantly decreased N2O emissions(P＜0.05).Compared with Con,the reductions in N2O emissions under Opt,Opt+DCD,and Opt+SR were 21.4%,27.6%,and 26.0%,respectively.The GWP of N2O emissions under Con,Opt,Opt+DCD,and Opt+SR were 425.01,334.01,307.83,and 314.57 kgCO2-eq⋅hm-2,respectively.Opt+DCD significantly reduced N2O emission intensity by 27.8%than that under Con(P＜0.05).(2)N2O emissions were highly correlated with surface soil NH4+-N content(P＜0.01),but showed no significant correlation with soil moisture and temperature.(3)Compared with Con,Opt,Opt+DCD,and Opt+SR significantly improved N fertilizer agronomic efficiency(with increases of 25.5%,25.7%,and 22.2%,respectively)and nitrogen fertilizer partial factor productivity(with increases of 29.9%,28.7%,and 25.4%,respectively)(P＜0.05),whereas they had no significant impact on spring maize yield.[Conclusion]In dryland farming of the Loess Plateau,reducing N fertilizer application,applying slow-release fertilizer,and adding nitrification inhibitors properly could promote N2O emission reduction and increase spring maize yield.Notably,reducing N fertilizer application by 20%and adding nitrification inhibitors not only ensured spring maize yield but also had the best effect on N2O emission reduction.关键词
减量施氮/缓控释肥/硝化抑制剂/春玉米/产量/N2O排放/黄土旱塬Key words
reduced nitrogen application/low-release fertilizer/dicyandiamide/spring maize/yield/nitrous oxide emission/dryland farming of the Loess Plateau引用本文复制引用
鲁科丹,路远,王蕊,党廷辉..不同氮素管理模式对黄土旱塬春玉米产量及N2O排放的影响[J].中国农业科学,2024,57(18):3642-3653,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重点项目(41830751) （41830751）
