浅析不同屈光度儿童的视网膜周边离焦分布特点OACSTPCD
Analysis of the characteristics of peripheral retinal defocus distribution in children with different refractive errors
目的 分析儿童视网膜周边离焦的分布特点,以及近视与非近视儿童的视网膜周边屈光差异.方法 回顾性病例研究.对2023年11月至2024年3月于北京健宫医院眼科就诊,并行多光谱屈光地形图检查的6～18岁儿童的资料进行收集整理,分析其特征.结果 共纳入124例,其中非近视组60例,近视组64例,非近视组的等效球镜中位数0.25(0.19,0.50)D,近视组的等效球镜中位数-1.88(-2.44,-1.38)D.在非近视组,视网膜总离焦(TRDV)、视网膜15°范围离焦(RDV-15°)、RDV-30°、RDV-45°、视网膜上方离焦(RDV-S)、视网膜下方离焦(RDV-I)、视网膜颞侧离焦(RDV-T)和视网膜鼻侧离焦(RDV-N)的中位数分别为(-0.02)(-0.27,0.10)、(-0.03)(-0.11,0.06)、(-0.07)(-0.23,0.11)、(-0.01)(-0.30,0.12)、(-0.19)(-0.63,0.09)、0.04(-0.25,0.22)、0.24(-0.30,0.59)及 0.25(-0.08,0.76).在近视组,TRDV、RDV-15°、RDV-30°、RDV-45°、RDV-S、RDV-I、RDV-T、RDV-N 的中位数分别为 0.07(-0.14,0.22)、(-0.04)(-0.11,0.03)、0.02(-0.24,0.12)、0.12(-0.21,0.17)、(-0.42)(-0.83,-0.26)、0.35(0.12,0.48)、0.14(-0.18,0.59)及0.50(0.14,0.74).视网膜周边上方和下方、鼻侧和颞侧的离焦都不对称,且鼻侧远视性离焦大.非近视儿童的视网膜周边呈近视离焦,而近视儿童的视网膜周边则呈远视离焦,但非近视组和近视组的各区域视网膜屈光状态差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).在近视组,视野范围45°远视离焦最大,且RDV-45°＞RDV-30°＞RDV-15°.结论 儿童视网膜周边屈光分布不对称,鼻侧的远视性离焦大.非近视儿童的视网膜周边呈近视离焦,而近视儿童的视网膜周边呈远视离焦,但两组的周边视网膜屈光并无显著性差异.在近视组,距离黄斑越远,远视性离焦越明显.
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of peripheral defocus in children's retina and the difference in refractive power of peripheral retina between myopic and non-myopic children.Methods This is a retrospective case study.We collected and analyzed the data of children aged 6～18 who had been treated at the ophthalmology depart-ment of Beijing Jiangong hospital from November 2023 to March 2024 and underwent multispectral refractive topography examination.Results A total of 124 cases were included,including 60 cases in the non-myopia group and 64 cases in the myopia group.The median diopter for the non-myopia group was 0.25(0.19,0.50)D,while the median diopter for the myopia group was-1.88(-2.44,-1.38)D.In the non-myopia group,the median values of total retinal defocus values(TRDV),retinal defocus values of the 15° retina(RDV-15°),RDV-30°,RDV-45°,retinal defocus values of the superior retina(RDV-S),retinal defocus values of the inferior retina(RDV-I),and retinal defocus values of the tempo-ral side retina(RDV-T)and retinal defocus values of the nasal side retina(RDV-N)were(-0.02)(-0.27,0.10),(-0.03)(-0.11,0.06),(-0.07)(-0.23,0.11),(-0.01)(-0.30,0.12),(-0.19)(-0.63,0.09),0.04(-0.25,0.22),0.24(-0.30,0.59),and 0.25(-0.08,0.76),respectively.In the myopia group,the median values of TRDV,RDV-15°,RDV-30°,RDV-45°,RDV-S,RDV-I,RDV-T,and RDV-N were 0.07(-0.14,0.22),(-0.04)(-0.11,0.03),0.02(-0.24,0.12),0.12(-0.21,0.17),(-0.42)(-0.83,-0.26),0.35(0.12,0.48),0.14(-0.18,0.59),and 0.50(0.14,0.74),respectively.The defocus values of the superior and inferior of the peripheral retina,as well as on the nasal and temporal sides,was asym-metric,and the nasal hyperopia was greater.The peri-retina of non-myopic children was myopic defocused,while the peri-retina of myopic children was hyperopic defocused.However,there was no statistically significant difference in the refractive status of the retina between the non-myopia and myopia groups(P＞0.05).In the myopia group,the 45° field view was with the highest defocus in hyperopia,and RDV-45°＞RDV-30°＞RDV-15°.Conclusions The refractive power of the peripheral retina is asymmetric distributed in children,with hyperopic defocus on the nasal side.The peripheral retina of non-myopic children is myopic defocused,while the peripheral retina of myopic children is hyperopic defocused,but there is no significant difference in peripheral retinal refraction between the two groups.In the myopia group,the further away from the macula,the more pronounced the hyperopia defocus.
樊旭
100054 北京健宫医院眼科
多光谱屈光地形图视网膜周边离焦
Multispectral refraction topographyRetinaPeripheral defocus
《中国斜视与小儿眼科杂志》 2024 (3)
15-18,4
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