新质生产力赋能数字乡村建设的内在逻辑、现实挑战与提升对策OA北大核心CSTPCD

The 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China explicitly advocated for accelerating the development of the digital economy and fostering the construction of a digital China,laying a robust policy groundwork for digital rural development. In September 2023,General Secretary Xi Jinping introduced the concept of"new-quality productive forces",emphasizing its pivotal role in the age of informatization and intelligence. As an amalgamation of informatization and intelligent technologies,new-quality productive forces are progressively becoming a pivotal driver for the advancement of digital villages. The core rationale behind harnessing new-quality productive forces in digital rural development is to facilitate the modernization of agriculture and rural regions. With their innovative,efficient,and pervasive nature,these forces furnish a potent impetus for rural governance,agricultural transformation,and the enhancement of farmers' capabilities. Despite China's victory in combating poverty,issues such as rural"hollowing out"and inadequate endogenous motivation persist. The application of digital technology can not only enhance information sharing in rural governance but also offer technical backing for agricultural transformation,upgrading,fostering new types of professional farmers and attaining common prosperity. However,the integration of new-quality productive forces into digital rural development encounters multiple challenges. Firstly,technological obstacles are crucial factors hindering digital village development. Inadequate rural infrastructure,deficiencies in communication,transportation,and logistics impede the dissemination and application of digital industries. Moreover,the complex terrain and scattered rural layout,coupled with insufficient power facility planning,impact power supply and grid stability. Additionally,the low internet penetration rate in rural areas and the dearth of digital skills among rural inhabitants pose significant constraints on digital rural development. Secondly,economic limitations cannot be overlooked. Digital rural development necessitates long-term investments,yet funding remains a bottleneck. Most counties and cities grapple with a dual shortage of financial investment and social capital influx. Simultaneously,imperfections in the rural development environment and policy frameworks lead to prolonged investment return cycles and low returns,causing private capital to hesitate. Imbalances in software and hardware development,as well as excessive investment and wastage in facilities and equipment,also necessitate attention. Furthermore,industrial integration presents numerous challenges. The integration of primary,secondary,and tertiary industries in China's rural regions is still in its nascent stage,characterized by significant regional disparities,weak self-driving capabilities,and uneven development. The industrial structure is monolithic,lacking diversified industries and technological innovation. The integration mechanism is imperfect,and information silos hinder resource sharing and complementary advantages. Moreover,divergent interest demands affect mutually beneficial development. Sociocultural constraints also constitute a significant impediment to digital rural development. The digital divide exacerbates the urban-rural disparity. The rural population is severely aging,with the resident population primarily comprising left-behind children and elderly individuals who lack digital technology knowledge and skills. The scarcity of agricultural science and technology talents limits rural transformation due to the absence of digital technology talents,and the"new farmer"group is inadequately developed. To tackle these challenges,tailored strategic implementation plans must be devised. Firstly,new-quality productive forces should be developed in accordance with local conditions. Differentiated development strategies should be adopted based on the specific circumstances of different regions. For instance,the northeastern and North China Plain regions should concentrate on enhancing original and integrated innovation capabilities,promoting agricultural scale,mechanization,and intelligence;the southwestern mountainous areas should merge regional characteristics with the application of cutting-edge technology and plan the layout of informatization infrastructure;pastoral rural areas should propel the application of new technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence;and suburban rural areas should expedite the development of the digital economy,exerting demonstrative effects and transmitting digital resources. Secondly,funding should be augmented,and a collaborative system among government,industry,academia,research,and application should be established. The government should establish a digital rural development fund and create a reward mechanism to guide social capital investment. Simultaneously,collaboration among government,industry,academia,research,and application should be deepened to promote the integration of universities,research institutions,and the industry,and establish a mechanism for technology application and promotion. Lastly,talent cultivation and educational guidance should be reinforced. The government should establish special education funds and collaborate with vocational colleges to enhance training quality. The construction of rural digital service platforms and digital literacy popularization activities should be promoted,and the building of agricultural science and technology talent teams should be accelerated. University graduates should be encouraged to return to their hometowns for employment,leveraging the roles of the first secretary stationed in villages and work teams,and strengthening the integration and optimization of educational resources. In conclusion,leveraging new-quality productive forces in digital rural development holds immense significance but encounters numerous challenges. To attain rural revitalization and urban-rural integrated development,tailored plans must be formulated,investments increased,a collaborative system established,and talent cultivation strengthened. In the future,research on the mechanism of new-quality productive forces should be deepened to explore more efficient and sustainable development pathways.