眼科学报2024，Vol.39Issue(8)：402-408,7.DOI:10.12419/24070205
青光眼中神经退行性病变的机制研究和治疗进展
Pathogenesis and therapeutic advances of neurodegenerationin glaucoma
摘要
Abstract
Glaucoma stands as the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally,affecting over 70 million individuals.It is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs).By 2040,the global prevalence of glaucoma is expected to rise to 112 million,with approximately 10%experiencing blindness in at least one eye.The primary pathological basis for visual function impairment in glaucoma progression is the loss of RGCs induced by elevated intraocular pressure(IOP)and various pathogenic factors.Currently,IOP-lowering treatment is the only intervention available,but it cannot completely halt the progressive injury to RGCs,nor can it reverse the optic nerve damage caused by prior disease progression.Exploring the direct pathogenic factors of RGC degeneration in glaucoma,identifying key therapeutic targets,and developing new neuroprotective treatments are of great importance.This review discusses recent advancements in the mechanisms and treatments of retinal ganglion cell degeneration in glaucoma,highlighting the significant role of neurovascular unit changes in the pathogenesis of glaucoma and the potential value of interventions.Additionally,targeting metabolites,inhibiting early inflammatory responses,and reducing oxidative stress,supplemented by nutritional and exercise support,may help delay and inhibit neurodegenerative processes,offering neuroprotective effects.Future research on glaucoma pathogenesis should focus on factors beyond IOP,exploring pathogenic factors in the pathological environment of blood flow,metabolism,and immune crosstalk for targeted therapeutic interventions.Also,verifying the neuroprotective effects of these interventions in various animal models holds promise for improving the clinical translation success rate of neuroprotection in glaucoma,thus expanding therapeutic concepts and drug options.关键词
青光眼/视网膜神经节细胞/高眼压/神经保护/治疗进展Key words
glaucoma/retinal ganglion cells/intraocular pressure/neuroprotection/therapeutic advances分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
曹迎雪,麦小妹,石乐,徐明明,孙泽惠,柳夏林,易薇..青光眼中神经退行性病变的机制研究和治疗进展[J].眼科学报,2024,39(8):402-408,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(82101329,82271095) （82101329,82271095）
广东省重点领域研发计划(2023B1111050004) （2023B1111050004）
广州市科技计划项目(2024B01J1121).This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82101329,82271095),Guangdong Provincial Key Area R&D Program(2023B1111050004) （2024B01J1121）
Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(2024B01J1121). （2024B01J1121）
