安徽农业大学学报2024，Vol.51Issue(5)：843-850,8.DOI:10.13610/j.cnki.1672-352x.20241031.007
上海直播粳稻一次性侧深施专用缓释掺混肥设计及效果验证
Design and effectiveness verification of slow-release blended fertilizer for side-depth single fertilization of Shanghai direct-seeded japonica rice
摘要
Abstract
This study aimed to design a specialized slow-release fertilizer suitable for the side-deep single fertilization technique used in direct-seeded japonica rice cultivation in Shanghai,and to evaluate its effectiveness in reducing fertilizer application while increasing fertilizer efficiency,so as to provide technical solutions for sim-plified rice production and efficient utilization of nutrient resources in Chongming District.A field trial was con-ducted in Chongming District,Shanghai,from June to November,2021.The experimental setup included the fol-lowing treatments:no nitrogen application(N0),conventional farmer fertilizer application(FFP),specialized slow-release blended fertilizers with 60-day release coated urea(HS60),specialized slow-release blended fertiliz-ers with 60-day and 120-day release coated urea(HS60-120),Hanfeng slow-release fertilizer(HSHF),Shenhua slow-release fertilizer(HSsH),Urea formaldehyde special fertilizer(HSMJ)and Liuguo package fertilizer(TCLG).The effects of different types of special slow-release fertilizers on rice yield,nitrogen uptake and utilization,quality and economic benefits were analyzed.The results showed that the one-time side-depth application of specialized slow-release blended fertilizers with 60-day and 120-day release coated urea,designed for the main rice variety widely cultivated(Nangeng 46)in Chongming,Shanghai,increased the number of spike grains,the fruit set rate,and the thousand grain weight of rice.Consequently,it improved the theoretical yield of rice,and maintained a stable production despite a 38.5％reduction in nitrogen(N)application,and increased the yield by 8.7％-17.2％compared to other treatments at the same level of N dosage.Among all treatments,HS60-120 exhibited significantly higher N fertilizer utilization rates and agronomic efficiency compared to other treatments,reaching 50.4％and 22.4 kg·kg-1,respectively.Additionally,compared to conventional famer fertilizer treatments(FFP),the fine rice rate increased by 3.3％,and chalkiness decreased by 1.2％.HS60-120 also demonstrated the highest economic yield-to-input ratio of 2.9 among all treatments.In conclusion,the specially designed slow-release blended ferti-lizer for one-time side-depth fertilization of the main rice variety(Nangeng 46)in Chongming,Shanghai,im-proves rice yield,rice quality,and fertilizer uptake and utilization by regulation of nitrogen release.关键词
水稻/缓释肥/侧深施肥/产量/氮素利用率/经济效益Key words
rice/released fertilizer/side depth application/yield/nutrient use efficiency/economic benefit分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郝祝霞,余淋,李月帅,陈晓辉,陈国庆,束维正,王坤,张卫峰..上海直播粳稻一次性侧深施专用缓释掺混肥设计及效果验证[J].安徽农业大学学报,2024,51(5):843-850,8.基金项目
中盐红四方绿色智能复合肥产业研究院与巢湖面源污染关键技术研究项目(FYGS-JS-202111)资助. （FYGS-JS-202111）
