爆炸与冲击2024，Vol.44Issue(12)：23-40,18.DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0179
爆炸冲击波性脑损伤的发生机制和生物标志物研究进展
Research progress on the pathogenesis and biomarkers of blast-induced traumatic brain injury
摘要
Abstract
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury(bTBI)is defined as the damaging effect of the shock wave on the brain,which may cause behavioral impairment,physical symptoms and long-term cognitive impairment.Statistically,bTBI is the most common type of traumatic brain injury in combatants,but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated so far because of the high complexity of bTBI.When the shock wave produced during explosions acts on the surface of the skull and propagates within the head,it can lead to a diffuse damage to the brain.In terms of pathological mechanism,bTBI includes two aspects:primary injury and secondary injury.The mechanical injury effect of the shock wave generated by explosions can cause the primary injury of craniocerebral structures,which is usually irreversible and can be only prevented with effective measures.And the secondary injuries will be triggered by the primary injury after bTBI,which involve a series of complex cascades including synaptic dysfunction,excitotoxic injury,blood-brain barrier disruption,meningeal lymphatic system dysfunction,neuroinflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,oxidative stress,tau protein hyperphosphorylation and amyloid-β pathological changes.And it can last for some time or even extend into the chronic stage after injury,providing a critical window for intervention.It is difficult to diagnose mild bTBI due to the high heterogeneity of clinical symptoms and the positive imaging manifestations.However,great progresses have been made in the research of blood biomarkers of bTBI in recent years,such as ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1,neuron-specific enolase,neurofilament protein-light,hyperphosphorylated tau protein,myelin basic protein,glial fibrillary acidic protein,S100 calcium-binding protein B and other novel biomarkers.All of the above-mentioned biomarkers are expected to be effective means of early diagnosis and prognosis judgment of imaging-negative bTBI.In conclusion,this review focuses on the frontier progress of the pathogenesis and biomarkers of bTBI,and looks forward to future research directions in order to provide more new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis,early diagnosis strategies as well as intervention targets of bTBI.关键词
爆炸冲击波性脑损伤/冲击波/发生机制/生物标志物Key words
blast-induced traumatic brain injury/shock wave/pathogenesis/biomarkers分类
数理科学引用本文复制引用
包昀禹,辛佳艳,张安强,王延江,卜先乐..爆炸冲击波性脑损伤的发生机制和生物标志物研究进展[J].爆炸与冲击,2024,44(12):23-40,18.基金项目
军队高层次科技创新人才自主科研项目 （）
