南方农业学报2024，Vol.55Issue(9)：2558-2566,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2024.09.002
苦荞杂交后代株型性状和产量性状的遗传分析
Genetic analysis on plant type traits and yield traits in tartary buckwheat hybrid progeny
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The study aimed to conduct a genetic analysis of plant type traits and yield traits in tartary buckwheat hybrid progeny,providing theoretical basis for the cultivation of new dwarf tartary buckwheat varieties.[Method]The study focused on the F2 and F3 generation populations of hybrid progeny from 2 tartary buckwheat varieties with great differences in plant height.The genetic patterns of 8 agronomic traits were analyzed,including plant height,node number of main stem,number of first branches,number of secondary branches,stem diameter,number of seeds per plant,seed weight per plant,and thousand-kernel weight,along with the analysis of the correlation among these traits.[Result]The 8 agronomic traits exhibited superparental segregation in both F2 and F3 populations.The coefficients of variation for node number of main stem and thousand-kernel weight were less than 20.00%,while the coefficients for the number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant were greater than 50.00%.The coefficients for all other traits ranged from 20.00%to 40.00%.The additive variance for plant height,node number of main stem,number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant was less than the dominant variance,with a mean degree of dominance greater than 1.00.Conversely,for the number of first branches,number of second branches,stem diameter and thousand-kernel weight,the dominant variance was less than the additive variance,resulting in a mean degree of dominance less than 1.00.In this case,the narrow sense heritability,broad sense heritability and fixed heritability of thousand-kernel weight were greater than those of the other traits.Correlation analysis among agronomic traits in the F3 generation population revealed that both plant height and seed weight per plant were extremely significantly and positively correlated with number of seeds per plant,thousand-kernel weight,node number of main stem,number of first branches,number of secondary branches and stem diameter(P<0.01,P<0.001).A total of 13 superior lines were identified which were shorter than the female pa-rent and had a greater number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant than the female parent,with 3 lines being at least 50 cm shorter than the female parent.Correlation analysis among the agronomic traits of the 13 superior lines re-vealed extremely significant positive correlation between plant height and the node number of main stem(P<0.01),and extremely significant positive correlation between seed weight per plant and both stem diameter and number of seeds per plant(P<0.001).Both plant height and seed weight per plant were not significantly correlated with the other traits(P>0.05).[Conclusion]In the breeding process for high-yield dwarf tartary buckwheat,thousand-kernel weight has a low cor-relation coefficient with other traits and exhibits high heritability,allowing for single-plant selection in the early genera-tions of hybridization.However,since plant height shows significant or extremely significant positive correlation with other main agronomic traits,it is necessary to comprehensively consider the correlations among traits during single-plant selection to achieve the optimal selection target for high-yield dwarf tartary buckwheat.关键词
苦荞/株型/产量/遗传规律/杂交育种Key words
tartary buckwheat/plant type/yield/genetic patterns/hybrid breeding分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李春花,任长忠,加央多拉,吴晗,梁秀雪,李玉明,王艳青,李晗,孙墨可,田娟..苦荞杂交后代株型性状和产量性状的遗传分析[J].南方农业学报,2024,55(9):2558-2566,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31860412) （31860412）
国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-07) （CARS-07）
白城市指导性科技发展计划项目(202210) National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860412) （202210）
China Agriculture Research System—Oat and Buckwheat(CARS-07) （CARS-07）
Baicheng Guiding Scientific and Technological Development Plan Project(202210) （202210）
