南方农业学报2024，Vol.55Issue(9)：2602-2612,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2024.09.006
不同脱叶剂对长江流域夏播短季栽培棉花脱叶催熟效果及产量和品质的影响
Effects of different defoliants on the defoliation,ripening effect,yield and quality of cotton in summer-sowing short-season cultivation in Yangtze River basin
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To study the response of cotton to different defoliation and ripening agents under the short-season cultivation mode of summer sowing,in order to provide theoretical basis for the screening of defoliation and ripening agents suitable for cotton planted in Yangtze River basin.[Method]The finished defoliant Xinsaili(50%thifensulfuron-ethylene)was used as the control(CK),and ethylene glycol and additives were used as the common com-ponents,and 4 defoliant formulations(corresponding to treatments labelled S,D,L and T)were made with 98%thifen-sulfuron,98%thifensulfuron+50%diuron,98%potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10%abscisic acid respectively,and the defoliation rate,flocculation rate,yield related traits and cotton fiber quality indexes were determined after different defoliant treatments.The effects of different defoliant treatments on cotton defoliation and ripening as well as yield and quality were compared by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.[Result]The defoliation rate and flocculating rate of cotton showed an increasing trend as the time after defoliant spraying passed.The defoliation rate of CK was the highest(96.57%)on day 10,followed by D treatment(95.76%),and defoliation rate of L treatment was significantly lower than others(P<0.05,the same below);the flocculating rate also showed a similar trend,with CK being the highest,D treatment being the second highest,and L and T treatments being significantly lower than that of other treatments.In terms of the yield of cotton,it was the highest in D treatment,followed by S,CK and T treatments,and L treatment was the lowest.In the late(August 30)flowering cotton bolls,D treatment was the best in terms of yield traits;in fibre quality,there was no significant effect of the treatments on the uniformity index,Micronaire value and elongation rate(P>0.05).The average length of upper half was the optimal on CK,followed by D treatment;the fiber strength was the highest in D treatment.The best fibre quality was also observed in the later(August 30)flowering bolls under the treatments of CK and D.Combined with correlation analysis and principal component analysis,D and S treatments had better defoliation and ripening effects,and could increase cotton yield and improve cotton fiber quality to different degrees.[Conclusion]Thifensulfuron+diuron mixtures,thifensulfuron and the finished product of Xinsaili defoliant have fine effects,and can be applied in cotton production under the short-season cultivation mode of summer sowing in Hunan area of Yangtze River basin.关键词
棉花/夏播短季栽培/脱叶剂/催熟脱叶/产量/品质/湖南Key words
cotton/summer-sowing short-season cultivation/defoliant/ripening and defoliation/yield/quality/Hunan分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
谢章书,谢学方,李侃,周仲华,屠小菊,刘爱玉..不同脱叶剂对长江流域夏播短季栽培棉花脱叶催熟效果及产量和品质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2024,55(9):2602-2612,11.基金项目
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ50321) （2023JJ50321）
湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20240638) （CX20240638）
湖南省棉花产业技术体系栽培与良种繁育岗位专家项目(湘农发[2022]31号) （湘农发[2022]31号）
湖南省农业农村厅棉花科技创新项目(湘财建指[2023]98号) Hunan Natural Science Foundation(2023JJ50321) （湘财建指[2023]98号）
Hunan Postgraduate Research and Innova-tion Project(CX20240638) （CX20240638）
Hunan Cotton Industry Technology System Cultivation and Seed Breeding Post Expert Pro-ject(Xiangnongfa[2022]31) （Xiangnongfa[2022]31）
Cotton Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Agri-culture and Rural Affairs(Xiangcaijianzhi[2023]98) （Xiangcaijianzhi[2023]98）
