南方农业学报2024，Vol.55Issue(9)：2623-2631,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2024.09.008
广西甘蔗主产区土壤酸化特征分析
Acidification characteristics of soil in the main sugarcane planting areas in Guangxi
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The present situation and distribution characteristics of soil pH in the main sugarcane planting areas of Guangxi and the relationship between soil pH and exchangeable base cations contents and soil exchangeable alu-minum content were analyzed,which provided scientific basis for exploring the mechanism of soil acidification and soil acidification control in sugarcane areas of Guangxi.[Method]In the spring of 2023,a total of 515 soil samples were col-lected from 15 counties(districts or cities)with large sugarcane planting areas in Guangxi.The soil pH was measured using deionized water,0.01 mol/L CaCl2 solution and 1 mol/L KCl solution,denoted as pH(H2O),pH(CaCl2),and pH(KCl)respectively.Additionally,the contents of exchangeable base cations,exchangeable acids,and exchangeable alu-minum were measured.The relationship between soil pH and exchangeable base cations and the relationship between soil pH and base saturation were analyzed,and the response of exchangeable aluminum accumulation to soil pH was also ana-lyzed.[Result]The average soil pH(H2O)in the main sugarcane planting areas of Guangxi was 4.52,and strongly acidic soil with pH(H2O)<4.5 accounted for 63.9%.The average values of pH(CaCl2)and pH(KCl)were 4.06 and 3.71 re-spectively,which were 0.46 and 0.81 lower compared to pH(H2O).The average content of soil exchangeable acid was 4.59 cmol/kg,and soil with exchangeable acid>6.0 cmol/kg accounted for 32.8%.In exchangeable acids,exchangeable aluminum was the dominant component.In soils with exchangeable acids content>4.0 cmol/kg,the proportion of ex-changeable aluminum exceeded 80.0%.The equation fitted with pH(KCl)and soil exchangeable aluminum content had the highest goodness fit(R2=0.9005).When the soil exchangeable aluminum content was 2.0 cmol/kg,the corresponding average values for pH(H2O),pH(CaCl2),and pH(KCl)were 4.67,4.07,and 3.66 respectively.The average contents of exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and exchangeable potassium in the soil were 4.67,0.42 and 0.49 cmol/kg respectively.Soil with exchangeable calcium content<1.5 cmol/kg accounted for 31.1%,soil with exchangeable magnesium content<0.25 cmol/kg accounted for 31.7%,and soil with exchangeable potassium content ranging from 0.2 to 0.6 cmol/kg was more commonly found,accounted for 46.8%.The average soil base saturation was 49.5%,and soil with base saturation below 20%accounted for 15.3%.Base saturation,and the contents of exchangeable calcium and ex-changeable magnesium were all extremely significantly and positively correlated with soil pH(H2O),pH(CaCl2)and pH(KCl)(P<0.01).[Conclusion]The main sugarcane planting areas in Guangxi is suffering from severe soil acidifica-tion,with most soils having a pH≤4.5.The lack of calcium and magnesium,low base saturation and high risk of alumi-num toxicity have become the main characteristics of soil acidification in the main sugarcane planting areas in Guangxi.关键词
土壤酸化/土壤pH/交换性酸/交换性铝/盐基饱和度/广西蔗区Key words
soil acidification/soil pH/exchangeable acid/exchangeable aluminum/base saturation/sugarcane planting areas in Guangxi分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
曾艳,谢如林,彭嘉宇,黄金生,沈小微..广西甘蔗主产区土壤酸化特征分析[J].南方农业学报,2024,55(9):2623-2631,9.基金项目
广西自然科学基金项目(2024GXNSFAA010513) （2024GXNSFAA010513）
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(桂科ZY23055013) （桂科ZY23055013）
广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2022YM02) Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2024GXNSFAA010513) （桂农科2022YM02）
Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Project(Guike ZY23055013) （Guike ZY23055013）
Science and Technology Development Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Guinongke 2022YM02) （Guinongke 2022YM02）
