华南农业大学学报2024，Vol.45Issue(6)：878-888,11.DOI:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202406035
氮肥后移对稻鱼共生模式下水稻和禾花鲤鱼生长及田间水质环境的影响
Effects of postponing nitrogen application on rice and carp growth and paddy field water quality in rice-fish co-culture system
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to explore the effects of postponing nitrogen fertilization in the rice-fish co-culture system on rice(Oryza sativa)yield and grain quality,nitrogen utilization rate,fish survival rate,fish yield,fish meat quality,as well as paddy field water quality.This research would provide a theoretical basis for stabilizing rice and fish yields and improving nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice fields under the rice-fish co-culture system.[Method]The study used hybrid rice'Taifengyou 208',conventional rice'19 Xiang'and Cyprinus carpio variety'Ruyuanshili 1'as experimental materials.Based on a total nitrogen application rate of 150 kg·hm-2 for early season and 180 kg·hm-2 for late season,three experimental treatments were designed:No nitrogen fertilizer application(M0),one-time basal nitrogen fertilizer application(M1,the top dressing fertilizer was not added),and postponing nitrogen application(M2,the mass ratio of basal fertilizer and top dressing fertilizer was 7∶3).[Result]Compared to the M1 treatment,M2 treatment was more beneficial for improving the rice tiller numbers,leaf SPAD values and nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency(REN)at heading stage,the REN of M2 treatment increased by 25.82%-91.11%and 62.74%-67.35%in early and late rice growing seasons respectively.There was no significant difference in milling quality and appearance quality of rice between M1 and M2 treatments.M2 treatment significantly increased the paddy water electrical conductivity,total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen contents at rice panicle initial stage(P<0.05),while significantly reduced the crude fat content in carp meat(P<0.05).However,it had no significant effect on the survival rate or yield of fish.[Conclusion]In the rice-fish co-culture system,postponing nitrogen application can stabilize rice and carp yield,improve nitrogen use efficiency,and reduce crude fat content of carp meat,with no significant effect on rice quality or the protein and total amino acid contents of carp meat.关键词
稻鱼共生/氮肥后移/产量稳定性/氮肥利用率/鱼肉品质Key words
Rice-fish co-culture/Postponing nitrogen fertilization/Yield stability/Nitrogen use efficiency/Carp ment quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李妹娟,钟旭华,梁开明,潘俊峰,傅友强,刘彦卓,张汇成,唐颖,王勇尚,叶群欢,尹媛红,胡香玉,胡锐,王昕钰..氮肥后移对稻鱼共生模式下水稻和禾花鲤鱼生长及田间水质环境的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2024,45(6):878-888,11.基金项目
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515110143,2022A1515011450) （2020A1515110143,2022A1515011450）
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(32301374) （32301374）
广东省重点领域研发计划(2021B0202030002) （2021B0202030002）
