林业科学2024，Vol.60Issue(11)：119-127,9.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230531
森林城镇交界域内建筑受林火威胁风险的模型构建和应用举例
Modeling the Threats of Forest Fires to the Buildings in the Wildland-Urban Interface
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This paper was aimed to model and grade the risks of forest fires threatening the buildings in the wildland-urban interface,in order to provide scientific evidences for rational planing of urban fire protection and appropriate allocation of firefighting resources in the WUI.[Method]Based on fire behavior analysis,the intensity of thermal radiation and the quantity of flying particles generated by fire.By coupling the flame length model,the flame tilt angle model,the thermal radiation model and the fire particle flux model,a method is proposed to grade the risks of fire threatening the WUI buildings using three indicators:thermal radiation,flying fire particles,and the importance of the buildings.The WUI fire risks are divided into three categories using an assignment method,each with corresponding adjective ratings.The importance of the input parameters in the thermal radiation model and the fire particle flux model are ranked by local sensitivity analysis.The level of thermal radiation and fire exposure is graded in terms of the spacing.Finally,a case study of Uljin County of Korea was conducted,the risk level of buildings is analyzed.[Result]By literature review on the available experimental data,the thermal radiation exposure of buildings are categorized into three levels:0-9,9-30,≥30 kW·m-2.The fire particle exposure of building is also divided into three levels:0-2,2-3,≥3 pieces.The importance of buildings is graded into four levels by its effects on human life,economy,society and environment.A risk model is developed for buildings threatened by forest fire.The risk levels are graded into high,moderate,and low levels based on the severity of the danger,and specific characteristics are provided for each risk level.Using the new model,the damage to a 400 m2 single-story Class B factory in Uljin County,by a fireline intensity of 5 000 kW·m-1,under the wind speed of 2 m·s-1 and the spacing of 10 m,is graded as moderate.[Conclusion]By local sensitivity analysis,the importance of the parameters of the thermal radiation model and the fire particle flux model is ranked from high to low as the flame temperature,spacing between fireline and building,atmospheric transmissivity,flame emissivity,fireline intensity,and wind speed.The maximum radiant thermal flux and the quantity of fire particles,received by buildings in WUI,decrease with the increase of spacing,but increase with the increase of wind speed and fireline intensity.关键词
森林城镇交界域/风险分级/热辐射/飞火颗粒/野火Key words
wildland-urban interface(WUI)/risk grading/thermal radiation/firebrand/wildland fire分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李梦醒,王紫微,周魁斌..森林城镇交界域内建筑受林火威胁风险的模型构建和应用举例[J].林业科学,2024,60(11):119-127,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(51506082,51876088) （51506082,51876088）
江苏省第十六批"六大人才高峰"高层次人才项目(XNYQC-005). （XNYQC-005）
