煤田地质与勘探2024，Vol.52Issue(11)：1-11,11.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.24.01.0007
高原高寒矿区生态修复中的煤炭资源保护技术
Techniques for coal resource conservation during the ecological restoration of alpine mining areas on plateaus
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The prolonged coal mining of the Muli coalfield,located in an alpine region in the eastern Qing-hai-Tibet Plateau,has posed many ecological challenges,which especially include the presence of considerable quantit-ies of disturbed coal resources in open-pit mining areas.This study aims to achieve scientific and effective coal resource conservation during the ecological restoration of coal mines.[Methods]Focusing on the Jvhugeng mining area of the Muli coalfield,this study investigated the destruction characteristics of the coal resources in the open-pit mining area.From the perspective of geological mechanisms behind the destruction,this study artificially constructed the roofs of re-sidual coal seams and their overlying protective layers using the method for constructing eco-geological layers.By fully leveraging geologic environments in the mining area while considering intensive resource utilization,economic viability,and coordination between resources and landscapes,this study integrated coal resource conservation into the ecological restoration of the mining area using countermeasures tailored to zones and categories based on local conditions.Accord-ingly,this study developed two techniques for coal measure resource conservation:the technique for constructing coal seam roofs using artificial frozen soil layers as eco-geological layers and the technique for coal resource conservation by replacing backfill with water.The former technology can be further divided into the conservation technique for slope coal seams,the technique for simulating frozen soil layers as the roofs of coal seams at the mining pit bottom,and the technique for managing and conserving coal seams subjected to spontaneous combustion.[Results and Conclusions]Field measurements of test pits reveal that 18 months after control,the artificially constructed coal resource conserva-tion layers had progressively recovered and preliminarily formed frozen soil layers.During the melting season,the frozen soil layers exhibited melting depths ranging from 1.8 m to 2.3 m,leading to the formation of new coal seam con-servation layers.Replacing backfill with water contributes to both coal seam conservation and landscape coordination while considering the economic viability,suggesting satisfactory application effects.This study,developing a novel philosophy for the coordination between coal resource conservation and ecological restoration in alpine mining areas through exploration,provides a reference for the ecological restoration and control of open-pit coal mines in similar re-gions.关键词
生态地质层/煤炭资源保护/以水代填/高原高寒矿区/生态修复Key words
eco-geological layer/coal resource conservation/replacing fills with water/severe cold mining area on a plateau/ecological restoration分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
李聪聪,王佟,赵欣,王伟超,梁振新..高原高寒矿区生态修复中的煤炭资源保护技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2024,52(11):1-11,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1303305) （2022YFF1303305）
陕西省秦创原矿山环境修复治理与智能化监测"科学家+工程师"队伍项目(22KXJ-087) （22KXJ-087）
中国煤炭地质总局科技项目(中煤地办科技2020-88) （中煤地办科技2020-88）
