南方建筑Issue(11)：78-87,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2024.11.009
夏热冬暖地区近零碳校园关键技术路径与增量成本研究
Study on Key Technology Paths and Incremental Costs of Near-Zero Carbon Campus in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Regions:Taking Primary and Secondary Schools in Shenzhen as Examples
摘要
Abstract
As a large-scale organization with a sizeable amount of construction and energy intensity,schools are responsible for promoting low-carbon and sustainable development.To cultivate students'environmental awareness and practical skills,schools must actively respond to China's"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"goals.Transitioning to a near-zero carbon campus is both a policy requirement and an educational mission.The construction of a near-zero carbon campus is a complex and comprehensive systematic project that will face technical,financial,and policy challenges.Current practice shows that it is generally slow for campus projects to receive near-zero carbon funding,directly slowing down the construction of key hardware facilities.Although subsidies are available in some project locations,government departments'failure to quickly approve incremental costs has also led to delays.To rapidly approve the incremental investment cost in the practice of near-zero carbon campus,primary and secondary schools in Shenzhen were selected for a study on key technology paths and incremental costs of near-zero carbon campus.The study aimed to scientifically and reasonably determine the key technology path of near-zero carbon campus in Shenzhen,estimate the incremental cost of the key technology path of near-zero carbon campus in Shenzhen,and clearly define the reference indicator of the incremental cost of near-zero carbon campus per unit floor area during the construction period.This study forms a library of near-zero carbon campus construction paths based on the standards,cases,low-carbon technology catalogs,and low-carbon cutting-edge technologies involving seven fields:space,energy,buildings,transportation,waste,carbon sinks,and management.Then,the suitability of the technology paths is investigated through the AHP hierarchical analysis method with expert consultation,and the suitability of the 37 technology paths is determined.Finally,the reference indicators—such as the cost of carbon emission reduction per ton and the incremental cost per unit floor area for each technology—are investigated.On this basis,a coordinate diagram of the suitability of technology paths and the cost of emission reduction is drawn,and 20 key technology paths of near-zero carbon campus in Shenzhen are finally selected. The incremental costs of the key technology path can be categorized into the incremental costs of the consulting and design phase,the construction phase,and the operation and maintenance phase of campus construction.This study mainly serves the project proposal and the feasibility study preparation phase of the campus project,so the quantitative analysis of the management costs related to the operation and maintenance phase is not carried out.Based on the types of incremental costs attributed to the school construction phase of the 20 key technology paths in different fields,15 near-zero carbon technology paths are selected for costing,which involve the consulting and design phase and the construction phase.The results show that in the calculation of incremental cost with actual cases of primary and secondary schools in Shenzhen,the incremental cost per unit floor area of a new near-zero carbon campus is about 307 yuan/m2 with a two-star green building as the starting point,about 116 yuan/m2 with a three-star green building as the starting point;and about 76 yuan/m2 with a near-zero energy building as the starting point.Regarding the Guidelines on Green Building Pricing in Guangdong Province,the incremental cost per unit floor area of a new near-zero carbon campus is about 347-382 yuan/m2 with a one-star green building as the starting point.Thereafter,the number of samples for calculating the cost of carbon reduction should be continuously expanded by promoting the construction of near-zero carbon campuses in hot summer and warm winter regions to obtain more accurate and objective data and realize the maximum benefit with the minimum input.关键词
近零碳排放/校园/低碳技术路径/增量成本Key words
near-zero carbon emission/campus/low-carbon technology path/incremental cost分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
郑剑娇,刘力铭,范钟琪,郭永聪..夏热冬暖地区近零碳校园关键技术路径与增量成本研究[J].南方建筑,2024,(11):78-87,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划战略性科技创新合作项目(2022YFE0208600):既有建筑绿色低碳改造与碳中和技术联合研究与示范. （2022YFE0208600）
