气象科学2024，Vol.44Issue(5)：961-973,13.DOI:10.12306/2024jms.0021
鄂东春季两次极端雷暴大风过程环境及雷达回波特征对比分析
Comparative analysis of the environment and radar echo characteristics of two extreme thunderstorm gales in eastern Hubei in spring
摘要
Abstract
Two thunderstorm gale processes with the Beaufort scale 14 and 12 occurred in estern Hubei on May 10,2021 and March 16,2022,respectively(called"5·10"and"3·16"processes).The environmental conditions and radar echo characteristics of the two processes were compared and analyzed by using the observation data of the ground encryption weather station,the 0.25 ° × 0.25 ° hourly ERA5 datasets and the data of doppler weather radar.Results show:(1)The two processes are both affected by the eastern Sichuan trough and the warm shear in the eastern part of the low vortex in the middle and low levels,showing the characteristics of dry and cold in the upper layer,warm and wet in the lower layer,convergence in the lower layer and divergence in the upper layer.The physical quantities of thunderstorm gale,such as Convective Available Potential Energy(CAPE),the Down Convective Available Potential Energy(DCAPE),are extremely abnormal.The environmental field is conducive to the occurrence of extreme thunderstorm gale.(2)The two thunderstorm gales are both triggered by the the gust front formed by the outflow of the cold pool.But the"5·10"process is also affected by other mesoscale convergence on the ground.(3)The two strong storms are developed by the merger of several monomers,while the storm height of"5·10"is higher,while the strength of"3·16"is stronger.The"5·10"showes the characteristics of small bow echo and the weak echo channel in postero-lateral.The weak echo area of"3·16"is clear,showing the characteristics of supercell.(4)The velocity map shows the characteristics of low elevation gale area and small scale divergence.The"5·10"process is dominated by high wind areas at low elevations,which is caused by the superposition of ultra-low-level jets and downbursts.The"3·16"is caused by downburst gale with mid-altitude radial convergence and rapid decrease of maximum reflectivity factor as the main characteristics.关键词
极端/雷暴大风/阵风锋/大风速区/小尺度辐散Key words
extreme/thunderstorm gales/gust front/high wind speeds/small scale divergence分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
汤兴芝,黄治勇,王文玉,姚望玲,顾永刚..鄂东春季两次极端雷暴大风过程环境及雷达回波特征对比分析[J].气象科学,2024,44(5):961-973,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975058) （41975058）
