气象科学2024，Vol.44Issue(5)：985-996,12.DOI:10.12306/2024jms.0012
超级单体冰雹回波特征分析
Analysis on echo characteristics of supercell hail
摘要
Abstract
Based on MICAPS weather maps,lightning data,radar echoes,and other data,the echo characteristics of four supercell hail events in Jiangxi from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed by using the principles and methods of meteorology and radar meteorology.Results show that:(1)super monomers occur in the overlapping area of the 500 hPa trough eastward migration process and"upper dry and lower wet".The vertical velocity zone of the supercell is relatively obvious,with dense and scattered positive and negative velocity gradients,corresponding to a typical thunderstorm echo group supercell structure on the radar echo.(2)The diameter of the supercell hail in Guanyinkeng,Shicheng,Ganzhou City is≥2 cm,with an echo intensity of 65 dBZ and a strong echo area of 119 km2;the diameter of the supercell hail in Nanchang is ≥ 10 cm,the echo intensity is ≥ 70 dBZ,the strong echo area is 750 km2,and it has a shield shaped echo structure;super single hail occurred in Luofang Town,Xinyu,with a diameter of ≥2 cm,an echo intensity of 65 dBZ,and a strong echo area of 280 km2;the diameter of micro supercell hail in Jinggongqiao Town and Xihu Township of Fuliang County is ≤ 2 cm,the echo intensity is≤60 dBZ,and the strong echo area is 119 km2.(3)The vertical integrated liquid water content VIL of super monomers is ≥ 60 kg·m-2,and the reflectivity factor on the vertical profile RCS has an echo intensity of ≥65 dBZ,with echo nuclei and tilt;The top height of the 60 dBZ echo is above 10 km.(4)The super monomer"shield"shaped echo structure is more obvious at the bottom layer of 1 000-2 000 meters,and the higher the level,the more dispersed it is,and even multiple echo centers are formed.In supercell storms,the wind field changes at heights of 1 000-4 000 meters are relatively chaotic,with various vector streamlines such as divergence and convergence visible.Wind fields above 5 000 meters tend to be consistent.关键词
超级单体/回波特征/回波识别/双多风场Key words
super monomer/echo characteristics/echo recognition/wind field inversion分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
强裕君,尹哲,段和平,吕振东,高婵,于泽华..超级单体冰雹回波特征分析[J].气象科学,2024,44(5):985-996,12.基金项目
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类-XDA19040202) （A类-XDA19040202）
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41975001) （41975001）
江西省气象局重点科研资助项目(JX2022Z04) （JX2022Z04）
2022年江西省气象局面上资助项目(JX2022M03) （JX2022M03）
