人口与经济Issue(6)：82-94,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4149.2024.00.046
养老金收入对老年人收入差距的影响
The Effect of Pension Income on Income Inequality of the Elderly:Estimation Based on Indirect Effects
摘要
Abstract
With the intensification of population aging,the issue of income security and distribution for the elderly has attracted much attention.This article is based on CHIP 2018 data and analyzes the impact of pension income on the labor income and support income of the elderly from the perspective of the mechanism of action,furthermore,utilizing counterfactual estimation to assess the impact on income inequality among the elderly.The research results indicate that:1)Pension income has a significant negative effect on the labor income and support income of the elderly,and the higher the pension benefits,the stronger the substitutability.Directly using the difference between the per capita disposable income of the household and the pension income as the income level of all elderly people without pension will lead to underestimation of their real income.2)Directly measuring the impact of pension income on the income gap among the elderly using the difference in income Gini coefficient between the two states of having and not having pension,it was found that pension income led to a 1.2%increase in the national income gap of the elderly.3)Considering the total substitution of pension for labor income and support income,pension income actually narrowed the national income gap of the elderly.Because the elderly with higher pension benefits will get higher income from work and support under the condition of no pension.The collection of pension income will effectively reduce the inequality of labor income and support income.4)Different types of pensions play different roles in the income gap of the elderly.The employee pension will expand the inequality in rural areas,and the resident pension will play a greater role in narrowing the national income gap of the elderly.The above conclusions provide a direction for deepening the reform of the endowment insurance system,narrowing the national income gap of the elderly,and ultimately achieving common prosperity.关键词
老年人/养老金收入/收入差距/劳动收入/赡养收入Key words
the elderly/pension income/income inequality/labor income/support in-come分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
贾晗睿,詹鹏,李实..养老金收入对老年人收入差距的影响[J].人口与经济,2024,(6):82-94,13.基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目"新时代我国农村贫困性质变化及2020年后反贫困政策研究"(19ZDA116) （19ZDA116）
上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题"积极老龄观视角下上海市低龄老年人才再就业问题及对策研究"(2023EJB016). （2023EJB016）
