中国农业大学学报2024，Vol.29Issue(12)：196-208,13.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2024.12.17
我国畜禽养殖粪污资源化利用装备现状与展望
Current status and developing trends of equipment for the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure in China
摘要
Abstract
The increase in of livestock and poultry farming scale has led to a geometric increase in the concentrated discharge of livestock and poultry manure,and timely treatment of livestock and poultry manure has become a key issue in solving agricultural non-point source pollution.With the rapid development of the animal husbandry industry,traditional composting methods can no longer meet the demands for livestock and poultry manure treatment giving rise to large-scale and rapid processing technologies and equipment.This study was based on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),from which 2 663 relevant articles were retrieved and analyzed.The application status and development trends of relevant equipment were discussed from four aspects:solid-liquid separation equipment,anaerobic fermentation equipment,aerobic composting equipment,and fertilization equipment.The results indicate that:1)The treatment of solid manure primarily relied on aerobic composting,mostly using windrow treatment,which was less mechanized and environmentally friendly.2)The treatment of liquid manure mainly involved anaerobic fermentation for field application,with black membrane biogas digesters being widely used in livestock farms in China.However,the poor utilization of anaerobic fermentation by-products limited the application of reactor equipment.3)The marketization of fertilization equipment was relatively low,mostly consisting of traditional manure spreaders,and there was a lack of precision fertilization equipment.Currently,the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure in China faces issued such as outdated facilities,lack of equipment,and poor integration.Key limitations to manure field application include poor compost quality,strong odor,and high labor costs.Finally,this study proposed countermeasures such as upgrading composting facilities on farms and developing precision fertilization machinery.The future development direction of equipment for the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure includes replacing imported equipment with domestically produced equipment,improving equipment stability and operational efficiency and advancing towards high-end markets.关键词
畜禽粪污/规模化养殖场/处理装备/现状与展望Key words
livestock and poultry manure/large-scale farms/equipment/current status and developing trends分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
张英慧,刘旭杰,李季,王博,许艇,苏敬,魏雨泉,张奎..我国畜禽养殖粪污资源化利用装备现状与展望[J].中国农业大学学报,2024,29(12):196-208,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42307436,32071552) （42307436,32071552）
