东北三省森林公园旅游生态效率及影响因素分析OA北大核心CHSSCDCSTPCD

⑴ Background——Forest parks tourism plays a vital role in promoting the construction of ecological civili-zation and the high-quality development of tourism.At present,the research on theecologicalefficiency of forest parks tourism mainly focuses on three aspects:the measurement,influencing factors,temporal and spatial distri-bution and evolution of the ecological efficiency of forest parks tourism.There are many forest parks in the three provinces of Northeast China.The transformation and upgrading of forest parkstourism and the improvement of ec-ological efficiency of forest parks tourism are the key steps to achieve sustainable development in Northeast China. ⑵ Methods——First,the evaluation index system of the ecologicalefficiency of forest parks tourismwas es-tablished.The DEA-Malmquist index method was used to measure the ecological efficiency of forest parks tourism in 30 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2000 to 2020(except Hong Kong,Ma-cao,Taiwan and Tibet).The ecological efficiency of forest parks tourism in Northeast China was compared with that of the whole country,including overall efficiency analysis,regional difference analysis and decomposition a-nalysis of ecological efficiency.Second,the influencing factors of the ecological efficiency of forest parks tourism were discussed by using the Tobit model. ⑶ Results——First,the ecologicalefficiency of forest parks tourism in the three provinces of Northeast China showed a declining trend on the whole,with an average annual decline rate of 0.9%.Among them,the ec-ological efficiency of forest parks tourism in Heilongjiang Province and Liaoning Province showed an increasing trend,with an average annual growth rate of 3.1%and 2.2%,respectively,while that of forest parks tourism in Jilin Province showed a decreasing trend,with an average annual decline rate of 7.7%.Second,from 2001 to 2020,the technological progress of forest parks tourism in both Liaoning Province and Heilongjiang Province ex-ceeded 1.The pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of forest parks tourism in Heilongjiang Province were 1,while those in Liaoning Province were 0.975 and 0.996,respectively.The technological progress,pure tech-nical efficiency and scale efficiency of forest parks tourism in Jilin Province were all less than 1.Third,the pro-portion of urban population had a positive impact on the ecological efficiency of forest parks tourism,while the density of urban population,the perfection of tourism facilities and the density of forest parks had a negative im-pact on the ecological efficiency of forest parks tourism. ⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——First,increase investment in the innovation technology of forest parks tourism to improve the tourists experience and tourism services.Optimize the management and operation of forest parks tourism to improve the utilization rate of resources.Strengthen cooperation among the three provinces and formulate differentiated development strategies.Second,strengthen the management and guidance of forest parks tourism demands.On one hand,optimize the supply of tourism products,on the other hand,strengthen the education of civilized tourism for tourists.Third,implement the carrying capacity managementof forest parks tourism.Scientifically evaluate the carrying capacity of forest parkstourism and formulate the measures to control the flow of tourists.Fourth,pay attention to the long-term benefits of forest parks tourism development,formulate the long-term development plans,increase investment in ecological protection,and cultivate tourism brands with characteristics.