配方施肥对无患子幼树光合特性和生长的影响OA北大核心CSTPCD

[Objective]The study aimed to explore the effects of the combined application of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizers on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the'Yuanhua'and'Yueshuo Bodhi'of Sapindus saponaria,and to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific fertilization of disease-free clones.[Method]Using the S.saponaria'Yuanhua'and'Yueshuo Bodhi'as the experimental materials,the"3414"field experimental method was used to study the effects of different N,P,and K fertilization regimes on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the S.saponaria.[Result]The tree heights of the offspring of S.saponaria were greatest following treatment with N2P1K2 and N2P2K3,being 28.42％and 39.14％higher,respectively,than that of the control,and the differences were found to be significant(P<0.05).The ground diameter was largest following treatment with N1P2K1 and N2P3K2,and increased by 16.11％and 32.93％,respectively,compared to that of the control(N0P0K0).The tree heights and ground diameters of the'Yuanhua'were in the following order:P>N>K,under different fertilization treatments,while those of the'Yueshuo Bodhi'were in the order:N>K>P.The net photosynthetic rate of the'Yuanhua'and'Yueshuo Bodhi'was highest following treatment with N2P2K2 under different fertilization regimes,and increased significantly by 42.19％and 53.01％,respectively,compared to that of the control.The net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO2 concentration,rate of transpiration,and foliar water use efficiency of the treatment groups improved significantly;however,the stomatal conductance of the'Yuanhua'did not alter significantly,and the stomatal conductance of the'Yueshuo Bodhi'differed significantly,The quantity of N fertilizer applied exhibited a significant positive correlation with the tree heights and ground diameters of'Yuanhua'and'Yueshuo Bodhi'trees.The growth and photosynthetic indicators of the'Yuanhua'and'Yueshuo Bodhi'under different fertilization regimes were comprehensively evaluated using the entropy weighted TOPSIS method.The findings revealed that N2P1K2 and N1P2K2 were superior for the fertilization of'Yuanhua'trees,while N1P1K2 and N2P2K2 were superior for the fertilization of the'Yueshuo Bodhi'.[Conclusion]The application of N,P and K at an appropriate ratio can effectively promote the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of'Yuanhua'and'Yueshuo Bodhi'trees.The optimal strategy for the application of N,P,and K fertilizers is that the quantities of N,P and K should be 115.26,64.14 and 44.37 kg/hm2,respectively,for the'Yuanhua',and 117.90,87.65 and 36.11 kg/hm2,respectively,for'Yueshuo Bodhi'trees.