黑龙江水产2024，Vol.43Issue(6)：661-668,8.
绥芬河河蟹种质资源评价
Evaluation on germplasm resources of Suifenhe crab
摘要
Abstract
Suifenhe crab is an important germplasm resource of indigenous river crab in Suifenhe River basin,Hei-longjiang Province,China.At present,germplasm degradation of cultured river crab is common in Northeast Chi-na,which leads to problems such as small size and poor stress resistance of cultured river crab.Therefore,in order to help the high-quality development of river crab industry in Northeast China,developing the germplasm resources with potential economic value has become one of the important research directions.The project team collected 300 wild Suifenhe river crabs and carried out analysis and determination.The genetic diversity of Suifenhe crab germ-plasm was analyzed,and 14 sites with high polymorphism were selected.The genetic diversity parameters of wild Suifenhe crab were investigated by DNA extraction,PCR amplification and capillary electrophoresis.The weight,color and conventional nutrients of adult crabs were measured.The data of sexual maturity and average body weight of Suifenhe crab were calculated.The length and width of the cuticle of the sexually mature individual were meas-ured.Anatomic extraction of hepatopancreas and gonads;The muscle was scraped and the edible rate,color and conventional nutrients were determined.The results show that:The average number of alleles Na was(17.57±1.62),the effective number Ne was(9.14±0.92),the observed heterozygosity Ho was(0.76±0.04),the ex-pected heterozygosity He was(0.86±0.03),and the polymorphism information content PIC was(0.83±0.03).The Shannon-Weiner index I was(2.36±0.12),indicating that the genetic diversity of wild Suifenhe crab was high.By the end of September,Suifenhe crab had two states:sexual maturity and non-sexual maturity.The aver-age weight of immature river crab was(73.81±2.39)g,and that of mature river crab was(121.60±3.14)g.The hepatopancreas index HSI was(7.55±0.29)%,the gonadal index GSI was(2.02±0.16)%,the meat yield MY was(32.85±0.48)%and the total edible rate TEY was(42.42±0.52)%.The crude protein content was higher in the gonads and muscles,while the crude fat content was higher in the hepatopancreas.In conclusion,Suifenhe crab has high genetic diversity,high average body weight of sexually mature individuals,and a relatively high pro-portion of large size individuals.The proportion of edible tissue,fullness index,color and conventional nutritional quality are not significantly different from that of Liaohe River and Yangtze River river crabs,and it is a new germ-plasm with great potential for development.关键词
绥芬河河蟹/遗传多样性/体重/色泽/品质Key words
Suifenhe crab/genetic diversity/body weight/color and lustre/quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王世会,周思含,朱明莹,廖丹,张旭彬,孔令杰,杜业峰,杨秀,高庆军,郭景宜,柳迪,藏林..绥芬河河蟹种质资源评价[J].黑龙江水产,2024,43(6):661-668,8.基金项目
黑龙江省种业创新发展项目"绥芬河河蟹种质资源评价及利用". （）
