北苍术种质遗传多样性及群体结构分析OA北大核心CSTPCD

In order to analyze the genetic diversity of Atractylodes chinensis(DC.)Koidz.,158 A.chinensis germplasm resources from 16 populations were used as materials.The variation coefficient and diversity index of 13 phenotypic traits were analyzed,and the correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed.The genetic diversity was analyzed by SSR molecular markers.and the population structure was analyzed using Structure 2.3.4 software.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of 13 phenotypic traits of 158 A.chinensis germplasms ranged from 0.63%to 89.54%,and the variation coefficient of stem number was the largest.The Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H)ranged from 0.58 to 2.95,and main stem diameter was the highest diversity index.Correlation analysis showed that 13 phenotypic traits were correlated,among which plant height was significantly positively correlated with main stem diameter,leaf length,leaf width,stem number and crown width(P<0.05).Principal component analysis showed that leaf width,crown width,stem number,lodging condition,flowering period and leaf color were the key factors affecting phenotypic traits of A.chinensis.Based on 13 phenotypic characters,158 A.chinensis germplasms were divided into 3 groups.A total of 128 polymorphic bands were amplified by 17 SSR core primers,and the polymorphism rate was 88.56%.The variation ranges of Nei's gene diversity index(h),Shannon's information index(I)and polymorphic information content were 0.03～0.41,0.29～0.60 and 0.30～0.86,respectively.Based on 17 pairs of SSR markers,158 A.chinensis germplasms were divided into 3 groups by UPGMA(unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean)method.The analysis of population structure showed that 158 germplasms were divided into 3 groups,which 10 germplasms were mixed populations with complex genetic background.Comprehensive analysis showed that 60 germplasms of 158 A.chinensis germplasms were classified according to phenotype and SSR markers,and 20 germplasms were closely related,which indicated that geographical origin had a certain influence on the classification,but it was not a decisive factor.Above results provided theoretical reference for germplasm resources identification and selection of excellent germplasms for A.chinensis.