下颌磨牙功能解剖特点及牙槽嵴保存术在下颌磨牙区应用的研究进展OACSTPCD

The prevalence of periodontal disease is very high in China,and periodontitis is the main cause of tooth loss in adults.Implant treatment has now become an important prosthodontic choice for patients with tooth loss due to peri-odontitis.Dentists focus on avoiding the risk and reducing the difficulty and biological complications of dental implant treat-ment.Since alveolar ridge preservation effectively reduces al-veolar bone resorption after tooth extraction and creates better conditions for implant treatment,this technique has gradually become a hot spot in clinical research.As mandibular molars are closely related to the mandibular canal,dentists should pay attention to the local anatomical structure during implant treatment to avoid damaging the inferior alveolar vessels and nerves.However,mandibular molars with severe periodontitis often have bone insufficiency after extraction,which makes prosthodontic-guided implant treatment more difficult and risky.Therefore,this review analyses the functional and ana-tomical characteristics of mandibular molars,the characteris-tics of periodontitis in mandibular molars,and the clinical ef-fectiveness and significance of alveolar ridge preservation for mandibular molars,to provide a reference for clinical deci-sion-making.