水土保持研究2025，Vol.32Issue(1)：1-12,12.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.004
黄土丘陵沟壑区不同雨强下坡面侵蚀空间异质性及其机理
The spatial heterogeneity and mechanisms of hillslope erosion under different rainfall intensities in hilly and gully Loess Plateau
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Clarifying the detailed spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of erosion and deposition on filed slopes,as well as the relationship with hydrodynamic parameters,is essential for deepening the understanding of the processes of sediment production in slope erosion.[Methods]Three runoff plots(5 m×1.5 m)on natural slopes were set in the Xindiangou watershed of the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau.Then continuous rainfall experiments were conducted under rainfall intensities of 90,120,and 150 mm/h for 10 consecutive rainfall events.Based on ground-based terrestrial laser scanning(TLS),the spatiotemporal characteristics of soil erosion and deposition were studied.The variations of hydraulic parameters in different slope segments and their relationships with corresponding soil erosion rate and sediment yield were explored.[Results](1)Soil erosion increased with the increase of rainfall intensity.The most severe erosion occurred in the D and E slope segments with the reduced and dispersed sedimentation,especially for the E slope segment.In terms of erosion area,under rain intensities of 90 and 150 mm/h,the B slope segment was the largest,followed by the C slope segment,and the D slope segment was the smallest;under the rain intensity of 120 mm/h,the B slope segment was the largest,and the C slope segment was the smallest.(2)There is a reciprocal feed effect between hydraulic parameters and the slope roughness,resulting in the fluctuating changes of hydraulic parameters.When the soil gradually becomes saturated and reaches a stable infiltration state,the hydraulic parameters gradually tend to stabilize.Under the same rainfall intensity,the distance from the slope top was proportional to the Reynolds number,Froude number and unit runoff power,while it was inversely proportional to the runoff shear force and Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient.(3)Under rain intensities of 90 and 120 mm/h,runoff power was an important hydraulic parameter of the erosion process,and the Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient and unit runoff power were considered important hydraulic parameters in the deposition process.Under a rain intensity of 150 mm/h,the hydraulic characteristics were not related to the erosion rate and sediment yield.[Conclusion]The relationship between slope erosion and hydrodynamic parameters varies under different rain intensities,with runoff power,Darcy-Weisbach resistance coefficient,and unit runoff power being important parameters in the sediment production process of natural slopes,and these parameters exhibit a linear relationship.关键词
侵蚀/沉积/水动力学/模拟降雨/三维激光扫描仪/黄土丘陵沟壑区Key words
erosion/deposition/hydrodynamics/simulated rainfall/terrestrial Laser scanning/hilly and gully Loess Plateau分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李朋飞,曹凯,胡晋飞,高健键,郝铭揆,党恬敏,高晨迪..黄土丘陵沟壑区不同雨强下坡面侵蚀空间异质性及其机理[J].水土保持研究,2025,32(1):1-12,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项项目(2022YFE0119200) （2022YFE0119200）
国家自然科学基金项目(41977059 （）
U2243211 （）
42207407) （）
中国水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022092) （SKS-2022092）
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2022JQ-259) （2022JQ-259）
陕西省教育厅基金(22JK0463) （22JK0463）
