水土保持研究2025，Vol.32Issue(1)：48-56,9.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.01.022
近70年黄河潼关站以下河段冲淤特征分析
Analysis of erosion and sedimentation characteristics of the Yellow River below Tongguan in the past 70 years
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The aims of this study are to reveal the process and distribution characteristics of erosion and sedimentation in the lower reaches of the Yellow River below Tongguan,and to provided reference for future soil and water conservation and water and sediment regulation work in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.[Methods]An analysis was conducted on the sediment transport features and erosion-deposition processes in the Tongguan-Huayuankou section,the wandering river section,the transitional river section,and the meandering river section from 1952 to 2022.Trend analysis,mutation test,and regression analysis were used to determined the sediment transport,erosion-deposition characteristics,and their interactions in different river sections.[Results]The annual sediment discharge of the river section below Tongguan had significantly decreased(p＜0.01),and the sediment discharge of each station had significantly decreased since 1996.In the past 20 years,the sediment coefficient had been below 0.01,indicating erosion characteristics.In the past 20 years,the sediment coefficient had been consistently below 0.01,indicating an erosive characteristic.The annual deposition volume in each river section was declining,with the Tongguan-Huayuankou section and the meandering river section continuing to accumulate sediment,while the Huayuankou-Aishan section had a negative deposition volume in the past 20 years.During the study period,the river sections below Tongguan accumulated a total of 18.684 billion tons of sediment,with the Tongguan-Huayuankou section,wandering river section,transitional river section,and meandering river section accumulating 8.675 billion tons,4.945 billion tons,1.714 billion tons,and 3.349 billion tons,respectively.Additionally,the changes in sediment load and sediment coefficient had a significant impact(p＜0.01)on the deposition in the Tongguan-Huayuankou,wandering river sections,and river sections below Huayuankou.[Conclusion]After the operation of the Xiaolangdi Water Control Project and the implementation of water and sediment regulation,the annual deposition volume in the river sections below Tongguan has significantly decreased,with the Tongguan-Huayuankou and meandering river sections bearing more sediment,while the Huayuankou-Aishan section has transitioned from deposition to erosion.关键词
水沙变化/黄河下游/冲淤过程/淤积现状Key words
water and sediment changes/lower reaches of Yellow River/process of erosion and sedimentation/current situation of sedimentation分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
韩超,王飞,戈文艳,陈昊,史尚渝,刘元昊..近70年黄河潼关站以下河段冲淤特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2025,32(1):48-56,9.基金项目
黄河水科学研究联合资助项目(U2243213) （U2243213）
国家自然科学基金(42177344) （42177344）
